「旧」「老」之争
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「旧」「老」之争</span></p><p align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">――初探广府话与「煲冬瓜」常用词法之区别</span></p>
<p align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></span> </p>
<p align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">前言</span></p>
<p align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">1.关于文白异读<br>广府话同样存在多音字文,即白异读现象,所谓白读就是口语,文读一般指宋朝的读音。对于「煲冬瓜」来讲,白读显然迟于文读,但对于广府话,我个人觉得应该是白读早于文读。但除此之外,广府话重有上古读音,据称,我哋日常所讲的「点解」的「点」就是「怎」之上古读音。故此亦是为何我哋唔知广府话字如何写之原因。<br>2.关于古汉语与古越语<br>如果通读下文,会发现唔少提到古汉语与古越语,但其实我并非想指出广府话有几古雅,与古越语又有几多联系,因为无论係古汉语定古越语,都是学术界之事,更何况此方面,正如上面提到之文白异读现象一样,学术界好多问题都可能未搞清楚,故本文唔讨论喱啲问题。我只想将人哋之成果来解释我哋日常生活用词。<br>3.写本文的目的<br>现在外地人大量涌入广东,再加上本来唔用广州话作为母语之客家人及潮流人,他们本来粤语就讲得好曳,大量直接用普通话词语代入粤语中,而以珠江电视台为代表的电视媒体更是加剧了这一行为。可以话令粤语退化、妖魔化的,并非第啲人,正是好似珠江台这般标榜以粤语为主流语言之媒体,佢哋晚晚都行入千家万户,等于逐啲逐啲侵蚀粤语!用「煲冬瓜」讲就係「自己搬起石头砸自己」。<br>4.关于广府话<br>本文所用之广府话,乃是以广州话为主,并纳入其它于广州话中出现较多的广府方言。</span></p>
[ 本帖最後由 jun2982804 於 2009-7-6 17:43 編輯 ] <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧」「老」之争</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">――初探广府话与「煲冬瓜」常用词法之区别</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 之前在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Highyun</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的大作《佛山話速成班》中评击作者「旧」「老」不分,觉得作者不配做广府人。话说得的确有点重,希望</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Highyun</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">见谅!毕竟有人可以在正式场合宣传我们佛山话,是件好事,因为我觉得我们佛山年青一代,因为自小就接受「煲冬瓜」教育、香港电视剧的港式广府话影响,已经对佛山话这个本土语言渐行渐远了。而作者对于佛山话的了解,的确比我自己好,这个我必须承认,不可以「一竹篙打晒成船人」!</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 不过,这个并非我今天要讨论的话题,而是希望藉此引出,由于多年来,「煲冬瓜」作为正宗汉语致使广府话严重矮化,使好多人以为自己会说「煲冬瓜」式广州话就等于会「讲广州话「的误解。时下,很多不以广州话作为母语的人,在说广州话的时候,经常照搬「煲冬瓜」的用法到广州话中,结果这种现象越演越烈,甚至连不少本地人在耳濡目染之下,也「争相仿效」。其中对大家影响最大的,莫过于媒体了,所以我「抖胆」在此,发表一下我自己对于广府话与「煲冬瓜」常见词法区别,当然一切以广府话为主,所说用法,「煲冬瓜」不一定有对应的词汇。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 在此先约定下文的一些用法:</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.一般,我会在前面给出广府话地道用法,在3个「-」后给出对应的「煲冬瓜」用法,同时这样也表明这种「煲冬瓜」用法在地道的广府话中一般是不存在的(特别说明的除外),如果现在有人这样用,只能表明这个人已经受「煲冬瓜」的影响太深了;</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.由于广府话很多字都是读音跟正字不能完全对号入座,所以如果遇到一个字我不认得的,我可能用同音字、近音字甚至我所认为正确的拼音在该字的第一次出现时与以代替,如果是同或近音代替字,则以脚注形式,就是用较小的「</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">」、「</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(近)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「表示(「同音」的意思为发音与声调均一致,「近音」意思为同音不同调),如果用拼音,就请大家见谅了,因为我不是太会广府话拼音,所以到时真的有错,要请大家指正啊!</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.对于可缩略部分,将用同号字的「()」标出,如「旧(阵)时」可表示为「旧时」或「旧阵时」,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个词均表示相同的意思;有时「()」也表示对于前面广府话的简单解释;如果有些字电脑打不出,但可以拆开表示,则带双引号以表明所写之词是一个字,如「</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">抆」会写成</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「扌文」;</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.如果几个词汇意义一样,则如此表示「旧(阵)时/旧地」,如果意义并不一致,但属同一类型,作为列举之用,则如此表示:「鸡公,鸡行,鸡乸」;</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.由一个字或词的用法,引申出相关词汇的用法,有时可能会指出同意义的词语,哪些本来的使用率会较高;</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.哈哈,当中当然会插入一些我的个人评论以及其中一些词汇的举例用法了。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span> </p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 既然以「旧」「老」为题,就先说一下「旧」与「老」的区别。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「旧」与「老」</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 如果你是广州人,可以发现「老」字,在广州可以说是随处可见,如「老」城区,「老」房子,「老」人家,「老」乡,「老」</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">...</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。几乎可以说是无「老」不欢!但其实在广府话中,「老」字的使用范围没有如此广范,反而,上述所举用法中,绝大部分为「煲冬瓜」用法。在广府话中,与「新」相反的是「旧」,一切过去的,过时的,无生命的,基本上都用「旧」,而不像「煲冬瓜」那样,把「老」字当万金油,「万试万灵」!</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧屋,旧城区―――老房子/老屋,老城区</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3"> </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧屋/旧居(「旧居」较少人说)―――老房子</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">新生</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧生―――新同学</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">老同学</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 一般用于刚入学学校的新生</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧生是相对而言,在这种情况下,偶而广府人也会说「新同学」的。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧同学―――老同学</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 一般用于曾经一起读书</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但现在已经不在同一间学校的人。如果硬要说广府话中有「老同学」的用法,那肯定表明,这位「老同学」必定是已经上了年纪的(旧)同学了,已经与「煲冬瓜」中的「老同学」大不相同了。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧情人―――老情人</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 不像「老同学」可以指年老的(旧)同学,广府话中没有用「老情人」表示年老的(旧)情人的用法。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧机器,旧版本,旧式操作系统,旧用户―――老机器,老版本,老式操作系统,老用户</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">关于时间的用法。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧(阵)时</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">/</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧地---以前</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 「旧地」的用法,现在一般是比较上了年纪的老人家说,而「旧(阵)时」相对多点。其中最经典的,莫过于唐诗「旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家」的「旧时」了,除此以外,有句式俗语「</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">…</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无旧时咁耐」,如「『你快趣</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">啲喇』,『得喇得喇,无旧时咁耐喇』」。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家/家下/家阵/家时---现在</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 关于「而家」的正字,也有人写成「依</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家」,孰是孰非,真是莫衷一是。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日/第时---以后/将来</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 我们经常说「第日先算喇」,就是「煲冬瓜」之「以后再说吧」。除此之外,「第」字很常用,它解作「其他,别的」。常见用法还有:「第期,第集,第</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">站,第啲(人),第个人,第本书,第间</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铺/屋等</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,第个壶,第只杯」等等,其相当于普通话的「下(一)期,下(一)集,下(一)站,别人/其他人,另外一个人,另外一本书,另外一家/间(店/房等),别的壶,别的杯子」。其中「第期,第集,下期,下集,第</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">站,下(一)站」这种类似用法在广府话中应该是并存的。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧年,出年―――去年,明年</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年头,挨年近晚/年底/年尾,月头,月底/月尾</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">细时/细个嗰阵―――小时候</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大个嗰阵―――长大以后</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今日,听</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日,寻日---今天,明天,昨天</span></p>
<h3 style="LINE-HEIGHT: 11.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><font face="宋体"> 我记得论坛上有人说,「听应该係正字,但我就不敢那么肯定,在此为谨慎起见,我暂且把它都当作是同音代替字吧。关于「寻日」的「寻」字的解释,我引用《</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" target="_blank"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US"><font color="#0000ff">粤语</font></span></span><span style="COLOR: #2200cc">- </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: #2200cc; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">维基百科,自由的百科全书</span></span></a></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><font face="宋体">(繁)》(下文称为《粤语</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" lang="EN-US">- </span><font face="宋体"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">维》)一文中的内容来解释:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></h3>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">「尋」可追溯至東晉陶淵明的《歸去來辭》「</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">尋程氏妹喪於武昌」中的「尋」,解作「不久前」。</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> 另外,媒体铺天盖地地使用「煲冬瓜」,使得脑袋最不灵光的少数老人家开始只会说「今天」,如果连「今日」这样使用频率最高的词语都给「今天」取代了,如果连留守最传统广府语言的老人,与意味着广府语言希望的小孩子都已经不会用广府话,那么广府话还有什么希望呢?我忽然想起前些时间百家讲坛的解读三字经在说到明朱元璋的时候,一位京官(当时的首都是南京)作诗时用的正是「今日」。难道「今日」已成昨日黄花,难道广府话是「昨日」,是「弃我去者,昨日之日不可留」?</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先几日/早几日,当日―――前几天,当天</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 「先」较「早」用得多点儿。现在受「煲冬瓜」的影响,越来越多的人说「前几日」了。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朝(头)早,上昼―――早晨,上午</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 有时也会将朝早与上昼混用,都表示上午,而且一般而言,「朝早」较「上昼」用得多。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">晨(咁)早/晨早流</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">流,早晨,</span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Sun-ExtA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">早唞</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">―――一大早,早上好,晚安</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">晏昼/下昼―――中午,下午</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日头,挨晚,今晚黑/晚(头)黑,夜「黑麦」「黑麦」―――白天,傍晚,晚上,(晚上)很夜了</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 晏昼/下昼表示由中午(大概是中午</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点)到下午的时间。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">夜妈</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">妈―――(晚上)这么晚</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「夜妈妈」这个用法仅用于晚上比较晚的时候</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">间中/耐中/有(阵)时―――偶尔/有时(候)</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">旧先/头先/先头/啱啱/啱先/就先/就家---刚刚/刚才</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先(个)排/早(个)排―――前段时间</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有排―――很久</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">几时―――什么时候,任何时候</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等阵/等间/一阵,阵先---一会儿,一会儿再(说/做)</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有排―――表示一段时间,不太长也不太短,不过这只是相对而言。</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例:</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我有排先走得!―――可能指我要过不到一个小时也可能是几个小时才走。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个项目有排都未做得完,使乜噉急啊。―――可能说这个项目要一个月甚至几个月方能完成。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">迟/晏/夜,迟早―――晚,早晚</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">耐---久</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">禁(音襟)用―――耐用</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 「夜」仅用于晚上比较晚的时候。「耐」字,在普通话中,仅保留了「耐用」这个词,可以表明「耐」有「久」之意,但显然,在广府话中表示「耐用」的则是另有其词。上面前</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个用法,现将一起举例:</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大佬,你有冇迟/晏啲啊,我等咗你好鬼耐喇!―――大哥,你咋这么晚,害我等了你那么久啊!</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">漏夜―――连夜</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例如:佢漏夜走咗佬咯―――他连夜逃跑了</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">即刻―――立刻/马上</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">沓正</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点―――正好</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说了那么多旧的用法,是应该让老的用法上场了!</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 在广府话中,「老」表示有生命的而且岁月比较大的人和物,对于人就是年纪比较大的人,而物则是岁月较久的物。这个用法与「煲冬瓜」中「老」的基本意思一致,除此以外,「老」在广府话中的出场的确较少。现举例如下:</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">老人(家)/老者/老年人</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">喱棵树好老喇/古树,老牛,老鸡乸(鸡乸的释义与用法,请看下面)等</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 在这里我没有直接写出「老树」一词,是因为我不确定广府话中是否有这个讲法。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 当然也会有例外,如「老友记」就表示这个朋友与我交情很深,而并非说这个朋友年纪很大,亦非说认识这个朋友很多年;另一例子有「盘</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">/搏咗条老命」,意即「用尽力气(做某事)」,用尽力气的程度是连自己的性命也豁出去了,当然这是夸张用法。另外一些关于「老」的词语将于下文的其它相关用法中提及。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 还有一些含「老」字的词,像「百年老铺」、「老字号」等,形容广府地区名声远播的牌子。可以说,用</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">「金漆招牌」来形容牌子资格老,信誉好,在广府地区肯定是非常正宗的表达方式。而上面这些带「老」字的词语,不免有令人生疑的地方:它极有可能不是土生土长的,而是一个「南下」词语,但我觉得既然它能很好地表达意思,那么我们采取「拿来主义」又何妨呢?但像「老兵」这样的词语,我就觉得还是不要为妙。因为,「煲冬瓜」中的「老兵」,一如前文提到的「老同学」一样,只是一个相对新兵的词语,它既不表明这个「老兵」真的已经上了年纪了,也不一定表明这个兵在部队的年资很深。也就是它在既不符合广府话意义的同时,它本身也没有闪光点,那真是不要也罢。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 以上所说的旧与老区别,其实广府话中「旧」字的用法却并非广府话特有,即使像在「煲冬瓜」中广泛使用的「房」而在广府话中代替的「屋」一样,「屋」的使用同样不只广府话一处,全国很多省份的方言中都可以找到它们的身影。而在下文开始,将有越来越多的词汇用法真的可能是广府话独有,我可能会多次引用某些网址的内容来解释。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 作为引子部分的「旧」与「老」已经介绍完毕,下面将讲述在任何一种语言中出现频率最高之一的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个字「你、我、他「及其他与人称相关的用法。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 你、我的用法与「煲冬瓜」一致,关于「我」的读音解释请直接查看</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">《</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD"><font color="#0000ff"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">粤语</span></span>- <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">维</span></span></font></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">》的介绍</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">佢―――他,她,它,牠,祂</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 8"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等(俗写「地」或「哋」)―――们</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 下面我将引用</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">《</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD"><font color="#0000ff"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">粤语</span></span>- <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">维</span></span></font></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">》中对「佢」及「等」的来源、来源地的写法及相关解释:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">第三人稱不用「他」,而是繼承了東晉南朝的用法,跟吳語一樣使用「渠」,現代粵語寫作「佢」。複數人稱不用「們」,而是上溯至端系的同源形式</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> [</font></span></span><span class="ipa"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Segoe UI'; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US">taʔ</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">] </font></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">或</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> [</font></span></span><span class="ipa"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Segoe UI'; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US">ti</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">]</font></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(現代粵語寫作「哋」,本字為「等」)。</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-sans-serif; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">注:</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">《</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD"><font color="#0000ff"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">粤语</span></span>- <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial" lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">维</span></span></font></a></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">》并没有注明端系是什么,据我前段时间用</span><span style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Google</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">的图书搜索查找,仅能找到片言只语,知道端系大概是古汉语发声学的一个分支。相信</span><span style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Google</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">将来会有更多这方面的资料来诠释它的。至于究竟用字方面。我更赞成用「佢」。因为它更能表明这个字比「渠」与人有关。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">由上面引述的话可以看出,广府话中绝无「们」的用法(所以也请电视媒体不要或少点说「</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US">XX</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">们」了),那么「哋」除了可以用于「我哋」、「你哋」及「佢哋」之外,还可以怎么用呢?如果要表示很多人,但又不可以用以上</span><span style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">种表达,那么在广府话中又应该如何表述呢?下面将一一道来。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">据查《广州音字典(普通话对照)》(</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1983</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">月第</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">版)中对「哋」的解释为:「哋」相当于普通话的「们」,但它不能跟在名词后。(虽说《广州音字典(普通话对照)》(</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1983</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">月第</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">版)是由华南师范大学中文系编的,但我却对它颇有微词,总觉得有些地方不对,但应该讲,这本书大部分都是正确的,所以估计上面的解释也是对的。)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">由此可见,只要是代词,则可以直接跟「哋/地」,如:你、我、佢,佢可以表示「他」、「她」及「它」。此外,「哋」还可以用在以下场合:</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">人哋/人家―――别人,或指本人自己</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">表示很多人、事或物时,既然不能用「哋/地」,就要用其它方式来表达:「各位」或「咸/成</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(同)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">」</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">量词</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">名词,如</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">成班档主,成窦雀,成群牛,成沓书,成渣</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(近)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">纸巾,咸/成屋(企)人,咸啲人―――档主们,一群小鸟,一群牛,一大摞书,一堆纸巾,一家人,所有人</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span> </p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">限于篇幅,现将文章余下部分作为附件上传</span></p>
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[ 本帖最後由 jun2982804 於 2009-7-7 15:21 編輯 ] <SPAN class=apple-style-span><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-hansi-font-family: -webkit-sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Sun-ExtB; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Sun-ExtB">
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[ 本帖最後由 jun2982804 於 2009-7-6 08:09 編輯 ] <P> </P>
<P>點可以因為吳語有「渠」就認定廣府語中的「佢」就系「渠」</P>
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<P>如果廣府語中 ,佢與吳語的渠同源,咁吳語的渠又系點嚟咖。</P>
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<P>以下就略講本人對「佢」的考究結果。</P>
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<P>「佢」的本字其實就系「其」。</P>
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<P>首先從文字上考究,在某些句子上將 「佢」 和「 其」 互換,兩者意思系一樣的,</P>
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<P>如:其(佢)意欲何為 ,人之將死,其(佢)言也善,不出其(佢)所料,</P>
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<P>又如孟子:故天将降大任于斯人也,必先苦其(佢)心志,劳其(佢)筋骨,饿其(佢)体肤,空乏其(佢)身,行拂乱其(佢)所为,</P>
<P> 所以动心忍性,曾益其(佢)所不能 </P>
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<P>至此,文字上已可證明,「佢」嘅本字系「其」。</P>
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<P> </P> <p>原帖由 <i>黄百万</i> 於 2009-7-6 13:26 發表 <a href="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=145952&ptid=17074" target="_blank"><img onclick="zoom(this)" border="0" alt="" src="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/images/common/back.gif" onload="attachimg(this, 'load')"></a> 點可以因為吳語有「渠」就認定廣府語中的「佢」就系「渠」 如果廣府語中 ,佢與吳語的渠同源,咁吳語的渠又系點嚟咖。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ... </p>
<p>哈哈,其实关于文字考究,我无咁嘅功力,但我觉得话「佢」源于「渠」係有一定道理噶,因为南北朝时期,汉人大规模南迁,这样,有吴语地区影响到广府话的表达亦唔出奇。</p>
<p>不过你话「佢」源于「其」,仅从古文的角度出发未免有啲牵强,特别係你举嘅例子中,有相当部分可以译作「佢嘅」。或者你更多应该重要考虑发音问题,至少「佢」与「其」辅音相同,元音发音相似,当然我是无能力去论证喇。</p>
[ 本帖最後由 jun2982804 於 2009-7-6 17:49 編輯 ] 多得帖主有噉嘅諗法,識得分邊啲係煲冬瓜、邊啲係地道廣府話嘅人越嚟越少,講萬中無一可能會誇張咗少少,但萬中有三兩個都算萬幸。 原帖由 <i>外外星人</i> 於 2009-7-6 23:57 發表 <a href="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=145996&ptid=17074" target="_blank"><img src="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/images/common/back.gif" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="attachimg(this, 'load')" alt=""></a>
多得帖主有噉嘅諗法,識得分邊啲係煲冬瓜、邊啲係地道廣府話嘅人越嚟越少,講萬中無一可能會誇張咗少少,但萬中有三兩個都算萬幸。
<div>多谢!多谢!重继续努力修改紧.</div> ············多謝分享········· <P>回想本文由资料收集,到写稿成文,费时超三个月。但文章发表之初,访问人数少到几乎可以用「无人问津」嚟形容,喱个可以讲令到我非常失望,失望到令我怀疑成为粤协会员係一件晒时间嘅事,觉得粤协好可能只係鸡肋抑或花樽——一个作用不大但头衔好响嘅网站而已。</P>
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<P>本文由内容搜罗范围之广泛,到内容布局尽量做到分类联想,便于学习记忆,而期起到举一反三之效果。写作期间所花费之精力可谓已到废寝忘食嘅地步,今日版主将此文加精,等于对我努力嘅肯定,我非常之感谢!</P>
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<P>唔知大家心目中对「一种语言」係点样定义呢?我自己则有如此准则:一种语言=发音+词汇+语法<BR>而家好多人自认为自己嘅粤语讲得好「正」,但如果按照上面标准,真正好正嘅,可能真係寥寥无几咯!大家试想一下,如果英语只要学发音,咁大家重使唔使争崩头去考四六级呢?係当今「煲冬瓜」浪潮大举侵蚀我粤语地区之际,粤式词汇、语法日渐式微,如果大家继续係生活中用「煲冬瓜」词汇讲粤语,咁粤语只係一个无咗灵魂嘅躯壳,难道咁样嘅粤语重值得大家去死守咩?我觉得粤式词汇唔应该成为论坛中、高级会员讨论其意思嘅对象,而应该成为你地教大家点样係生活中运用自如嘅对象,否则,正如我之前所讲,粤协已经係花樽一个,存在与否经已唔重要啦!</P>
[ 本帖最後由 jun2982804 於 2009-8-23 20:49 編輯 ] 有位广西壮族的老友记拉我讲,佢去广州出差个排,听过广州的电台,奇怪点解用词完全「非口语化」,照住普通话文稿读。。。 原帖由 <i>使君子</i> 於 2009-8-27 13:22 發表 <a href="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=154136&ptid=17074" target="_blank"><img src="http://bbs.cantonese.asia/images/common/back.gif" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="attachimg(this, 'load')" alt=""></a>
有位广西壮族的老友记拉我讲,佢去广州出差个排,听过广州的电台,奇怪点解用词完全「非口语化」,照住普通话文稿读。。。 <div>Oh my God!</div><div>我哋屋企成日都咁讲,个啲人,根本唔咪广东人!连自己母语都唔承认嘅人,点可以当佢係广东人!</div><div>唔无怪我偏激啵...</div> 下載次數MS真的比較少....
親戚的稱呼那裏對應著看有點亂....不是很能分清楚.....【補充下...後面很多稱謂的對應看著都有點...如果能對稱的改改格式就好了....】
文中提到「《粤讲粤过瘾》的《老窦》的掌故」,可惜在下注册比較晚...09年下半年之前的回顧已經看不到了....
不知道樓主能不能稍微講講這個「香港版本」?提到的「另外一个版本」如果有幸能一幷聽到就再好不過了~
××××××××××××××××眼花繚亂的分割綫××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
LZ的文的確講得詳細...但是好長....看到1/3....
聽日繼續~
嘗試改動了下格式,對應清楚些更能理解~~
如果有些字能註音就更好了Orz...畢竟就算看懂繁體對應到簡體...但是實際聽見的可是另外的音啊....
语言是要发展的,你就顺其自然吧,把普通话按粤语音读也很好。我不喜欢普通话拼音,摩擦音太多,听着刺耳,是老外这么讲的。粤语就好啦!好听得多。
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