[推薦] 粵語中的英語譯詞探微
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-height-alt: 20.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 隶书; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語中的英語譯詞探微</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 隶书; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">王 惠，秦秀白</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">華南理工大學 外國語學院，廣東廣州</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">510640)<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">摘 要</span></b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：<font size="2">粵語是漢語方言的一種，粵語中的英語譯詞與普通話中的英語譯詞有很大不同。粵人英粵辭彙翻譯中所採取的翻譯策略</font></span><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">自創辭彙翻譯，文化特色詞翻譯，音譯以及零翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">及其對譯詞形式的選擇深受其所處社會的自主創新、開放相容的文化特徵的影響，蘊含著濃郁的地方文化特色。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">關鍵字</span></b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：<font size="2">粵語；英語譯詞；粵文化；英粵翻譯</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">翻譯活動不是簡單的語言轉換，而是一種跨文化的交際活動。自從勒菲弗爾與巴斯奈特</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1990</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年提出翻譯研究的文化轉向以後，出現了許多從文化角度研究翻譯的文章及著作。然而，在這樣的研究背景之下，從此角度研究英粵翻譯，探討粵文化與英粵翻譯關係的著述卻不多見。本文將主要研究粵文化對英粵翻譯過程的作用關係，即粵文化對英粵翻譯過程——特別是對英粵辭彙翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語中的英語譯詞</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的影響及其表現形式。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一、研究粵語中英語譯詞的意義</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><font size="3"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語是漢語方言的一種，以廣州方言為代表，長期以來一直是以珠江三角洲為中心的一大片經濟發展地區通用的語言，也是香港、澳門地區約</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">600</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬市民以及海外華人社區常用的交際語。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font size="3"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語地區經濟地位的顯著提高，特別是其在外貿上的優勢地位促進了國內外人士同粵語地區人們之間的各種交流活動。無論是來自其他省份的外地人還是在中國留學工作的外籍人士都希望學習粵語，以便促進溝通，這在客觀上使得粵語影響擴大，凝聚力增強。粵方言能夠在某個華人地區作為公眾通用語及公共事務法定用語而為廣大民眾所接受，粵方言還能夠在有關院校作為外來語學習課程開設。粵語報章雜誌以及廣告電視新聞在粵語地區普及度很高，這是其他方言所無法比擬的。粵語歌曲紅遍大江南北，粵語文化，隨著以其為背景的電影電視劇在全國上演，已為國人熟知和認同。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">此外，英語對粵語的影響由來已久，清魏源編著的《海國圖志》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">( 1842)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">中就輸入了不少英語譯詞</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。隨著改革開放在粵語地區拉開序幕，眾多旅居海外的粵籍華僑與家鄉人民的頻繁交往、港澳地區特殊的雙語現象以及大眾媒體對粵語地區的覆蓋和傳播很大程度上影響了粵語的發展。越來越多的粵語人群交際時頻繁夾入英語譯詞和英語，這已經成為粵語中一個非常獨特的現象。</span></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><font size="3"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">??? <font face="細明體" size="3">讓我們感興趣的是，粵語在翻譯英語辭彙時並沒有象其他方言一樣遵循漢語普通話的表達方式，而是別具一格，採取了與其截然不同的翻譯形式。而“在語言的諸要素中，詞語和文化的關係最為密切”</font></span></font><font face="細明體"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">(P5)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">，<font size="3">因此，我們決定選取英粵辭彙翻譯為研究物件，以此為基礎進一步討論粵文化與英粵翻譯的關係。</font></span></font></font></span></font></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">二、粵語中英語譯詞的特徵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">通過對粵語中的英語譯詞進行大量的觀察和研究以及閱讀相關的文章著作，我們發現它們具有如下鮮明特徵：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">使用自創辭彙翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">自創辭彙包括創造新字和賦予古字新的意義以構成新詞。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">最明顯的例子就是“車立”，它是英語</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">lift</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的音譯，“車立”字首見於</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1991</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">日澳門《華僑報》的一篇報導標題—《怪客“車立”內擲出汽油瓶》，並有編者簡介此字。此後，澳門報刊陸續採用，並傳往香港，再傳至廣州。本來，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">lift</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">已有意譯詞“電梯”和“升降機”，但從意義表達上不及音意兼譯的形聲字““車立””</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(1ip55 )</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，普通話讀作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(1i )</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。“車”旁，表示此載人工具如一輛車，沿上下軌道運行；“立”旁，既表音又表意，意謂人“立”“</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">車</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”內。它的最大優點是構詞能力強，如：貨“車立”，客“車立”，新“車立”，舊“車立”，口“車立”，燈“車立”，位“車立”，價“車立”，專用“車立”，觀光“車立”，國產“車立”，進口“車立”等。而“電梯”一詞指建於天橋、百貨商場的斜行梯形的電梯，不宜稱作上下升降的““車立””</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">P27</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">）。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">又比如，港澳人自創形聲字“</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">僟</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”來音譯英文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">gay(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">原音譯為“基”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。此字取“人”旁為意，“幾”旁為音，造字合理，認識方便。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵人還創造性地賦予古字新意，以構成新詞，如英文“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">card "</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，漢語普通話中譯作“卡”，而粵人起用古漢語的“咭”字，以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">音作為音譯，並在“咭”字中暗寓“口”吐“吉”言之意。這與我們喜歡在賀年咭、聖誕咭、生日咭寫上祝福問候的吉祥語的習慣相協調。這些新字詞的特點是方便交流、寓意豐富、構詞靈活，容易記憶。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">二</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">利用具有本民族文化特色的詞語諧譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">英語</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">trouble</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。一詞在粵語中被諧譯為“茶煲”，意為“麻煩難纏”。煲的字面意義是“瓦煲”，粵人常用之做煲湯煲粥的工具，烹飪時間通常需要至少兩小時以上。“你個人真茶煲”意思就是“你這個人真麻煩”。港產片《茶煲夫人》以及電視劇《一屋兩茶煲》等用“茶煲”謔稱難纏的女性，非常傳神。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在排球、網球、羽毛球、乒乓球等球類活動中，有一種</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">chance</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">球，即“探頭球”，這種球就是有利於自己，常常可以制敵取勝的“機會”球，例如：“古巴隊墊球過網，郎平又吃叉燒</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">!</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">古巴隊墊球過網，郎平又打一個探頭球</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。粵人將它譯為“叉燒”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">指用豬裏脊燒制而成的一種傳統肉食品，深受粵人喜愛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，如此巧妙的譯法令人聯想到這種球既好吃又易吃。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">英文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">fail</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在粵語中被譯為“肥佬”，意為“失敗、不及格”。肥佬的原意是“胖子”，他們大多行動遲緩、不靈活。說到“今次考英文又肥佬</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">這次考英語又不及格</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)!</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”，言者和聽者都會自然而然地產生一種戲謔的感覺，眼前還可能會出現一個步履蹄珊的“肥佬”形象，這樣就降低了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">fail</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">給人帶來的挫折感。用“肥佬”來對譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">fail</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">不失為一種既詼諧又委婉的譯法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">三</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">零翻譯—普遍的語碼轉換現象</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">零翻譯，顧名思義就是沒有翻譯。粵人交際時不採用英語譯詞，而是直接在粵語中夾入英語辭彙進行交流。在社會語言學中，這種現象被稱為“語碼轉換“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語地區的零翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">語碼轉換</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">現象極為普遍，其出現頻率遠遠高於英語在普通話中的出現頻率。它不僅在日常生活交流中，而且在各種媒體</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">電視、廣播、報紙等等</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">上頻頻亮相。這方面的例子不勝枚舉：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>a.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">發條短信那麼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">easy</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，快啲行動啦。《明星聊天室》——翡翠台，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003/3/8<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>b.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">我好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">enjoy</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">這種生活。《明星聊天室》——翡翠台，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003/3/8<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>c.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">群眾反映了情況，我們要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">check</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">清楚嘛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">!</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">《外地媳婦本地郎》——珠江台，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003/3/30<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>d.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">看到這個節目，你對這個春天流行什麼肯定是很有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">feel</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的啦！《城市特搜》——南方電視二台，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003/3/18<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>e.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">我在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">shopping</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">時買了一份《南方週末》，哇塞！真是帥呆了，好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Yeah</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">In</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">啊，給老婆看，她也說</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">cool</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">斃了，要不是晚上喝</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">high</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">了，一定給編輯部發一封</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">e-mail</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。《南方週末》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1999/3/26</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">??? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">f..</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">江山如此多</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">fun(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">紛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">香港一電視節目</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>g.Boss</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，這個方案給甲方</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">cancel</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>h.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">咱們對面辦公室有個女孩子好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">cute</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">四</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">獨樹一幟的音譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一部分普通話中的音譯形式在粵語中繼續使用，如坦克</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(tank )</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">、咖啡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">( coffee )</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">、摩登</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(modern )</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">、威士卡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(whisky)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">等，但是粵人在日常交流時更多地使用英語辭彙在本方言中的音譯形式，儘管漢語普通話中已有該詞的表達形式。而且，這些音譯形式的數量遠遠多於普通話中的音譯形式。例如：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵語</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">???????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">普通話</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Face</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">飛士</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??????</span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">臉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Ball</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">波</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">???????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">球</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Store</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">士多</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">商店</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Pie</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">批</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">????????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">餡餅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Pizza</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">披薩</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">比薩</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>Disco</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;">的士高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">?????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">迪斯</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;">科</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;">?? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Sundae</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">新地</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">水果汁</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Boycott</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">杯葛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">抵制</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Film</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">菲林</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">?????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">膠捲</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Tips</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">貼士</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">?????????? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">提示</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?? </span></font><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Strawberry</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">士多啤梨</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">草莓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></font></p><font size="3"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">?? Washington</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">華府</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">???? </span></span></font><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><font face="細明體">華盛頓</font></span></font> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">三、粵語中英語譯詞的文化背景分析</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">“<font face="細明體">自古以來就沒有脫離文化而存在的翻譯活動”</font></span><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">P37</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">），換句話說，一定的翻譯活動必然反映一定的文化背景。我們將通過對粵語中英語譯詞的研究分析，瞭解其中凸現的社會文化背景，並將其與粵語文化特徵進行對比。如果二者有很大程度上的相似，我們就可以說明粵文化對於英粵翻譯是有一定作用的。為了使分析一目了然，我們採取逐條對比法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">自創辭彙與創新意識</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">創造新字詞進行翻譯，是粵語的一大特色，但是這在漢語普通話對英語辭彙的翻譯中比較少見。發現原譯詞不妥就創造出更適時適世的表達形式而不拘泥于傳統束縛，這充分體現出粵人自主創新的文化意識及其與時俱進的時代特徵。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">研究粵語的專家、暨南大學的詹伯慧教授曾經指出，“粵人的創新自主意識比較明顯，而傳統的文化正統意識比較淡薄，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">P373</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">）。粵人較為注重自我發展，善於推陳出新，敢於探索和嘗試，視野較為寬廣，思路較為開闊，而對中國的文化主流較少關注。這種自主創新意識不僅體現在語言活動上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">譬如，方言文學的形成以及自成一體的翻譯策略</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，而且在粵語地區乃至中國社會經濟發展中發揮著重大作用。正是這種創新意識使得粵人在中國改革開放中一馬當先，不斷創造出新的經濟模式，從而帶動了全國經濟的快速發展。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">二</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文化特色詞</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">歸化翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">與文化優勢</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">利用具有本地區文化特色的辭彙翻譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">歸化法</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，既讓人感到親切自然，又使人產生與此種文化現象有關的諸多聯想。從上文對一些英語譯詞的分析中，我們可以看到強勢的粵文化留下的痕跡。採用具有本民族特色的辭彙翻譯，顯示出粵人對其自身價值的肯定以及本地文化的認可與推崇。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵地區特有的氣候、地理及人文環境為獨具特色的粵文化的形成與發展提供了豐厚的土壤。尤其是改革開放以來，本地區作為改革先鋒，取得了舉世矚目的成就，一躍成為全國最富裕的地區。隨著經濟發展的突飛猛進以及文化傳媒的推波助瀾，粵文化發展成為強勢文化</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">以飲食文化為其典型代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，粵方言也相應成為強勢方言。負載著濃郁地方特色的粵文化更是一路北上，成了全國討論的熱點。粵人對本地區文化的強烈自豪感使其在吸收模仿西方先進事物的過程中，力求最大程度地保留自己的地方特色。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">三</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">零翻譯與開放相容的文化品格與社會形態</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">零翻譯現象在粵地區的普遍性在全國範圍內是最高的。不論男女老少，粵人張口皆可間或夾雜英文。這一點常常讓外地人驚訝不已。毋庸諱言，零翻譯策略讓粵人迅速、及時並且準確地把握原文資訊，與此同時，這種異化策略的選擇及其普及也體現出粵人對於英語很高的熟悉度與接受度。零翻譯現象在英粵翻譯活動中的普及表現出粵語社會極大的開放、寬鬆與相容。如果說翻譯活動意味著兩種文化間的交流的話，那麼翻譯策略的選擇也就成為文化開放度與相容度的量尺。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">“由於至少從漢代開始與海外文化的接觸交流不斷，故廣府民系的人民，……最具開放性，比較易於接受外來新事物，敢於吸收模仿和學習西方物質文明和精神文明……，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。粵地區有國外</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">ABC,CBC</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">等台的電視節目轉播，電視臺設有專門的英語頻道，還有社會上各種公辦私辦的英語培訓班鋪天蓋地，……這一系列因素大大刺激了粵人英語學習的熱情，也為他們瞭解西方文化學習先進的西方文明與技術提供了方便快捷的條件。粵語社會的開放性與相容性在此也可見一斑。對於異域文化它不是排斥，而是廣納百川、兼收並蓄、博採眾長。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">四</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">自成一體的音譯形式與實用寬容的文化態度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在上述分析中，我們看到粵人採取的部分音譯形式與普通話中的音譯形式不同。而且這些音譯形式通常保持不變，其表現形式與普通話中的音譯形式並行。與此同時，普通話中的音譯形式漸漸向意譯轉化，力求做到外來詞“適應漢語的特點”，並達到“語言規範化”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，因而音譯辭彙數量相對來說有減少的傾向。而粵人長期採用自成一體的音譯形式，而且人們對音譯形式並不特別的苛求效果，達意即可，這體現出其自由寬鬆、講求實際的社會氛圍。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在粵地區居住過的人都有深切的感受：粵人穿著簡單，講究實際，不喜歡華麗的辭藻和虛偽的裝飾。他們注重自我實現，很少議論他人是非，對他人與社會行為比較寬容。反映在語言文字上就是，“一般粵人使用語言文字，以實用、達意為目的，不大講究劃一、規範，社會上對於語言文字的運用也較多持寬容的態度，語言文字研究者一般不大挑剔社會上語言文字應用中出現的問題，比較尊重社會上既成的語言文字應用習慣</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">P373</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">通過上述對比分析，我們發現粵語中的英語譯詞表現出的社會文化特徵與粵語文化特徵非常相似，這充分說明粵文化對英粵翻譯活動的巨大影響。粵文化通過譯者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">作用于英粵翻譯活動，這種作用在辭彙翻譯中具體表現為粵人對翻譯策略以及譯詞形式的選擇上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>1.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">翻譯策略。自古以來，珠江三角洲一直是嶺南地區最具商品意識、思想最活躍、最具有反傳統精神的地區。她的各個文化領域都表現出悠久的歷史淵源和鮮明的個性。粵語地區是中華文化保存最完整的地方，很多風俗例如祖廟、龍舟、舞獅子，拜祭祖先等等在這裏依然保留下來。這就造成了粵人在英粵翻譯中既樂於接受新鮮事物，同時又要保持自身特色的心理。雖然以英美國家為主的外來文化相對于粵文化而言處於強勢地位，譯者在翻譯策略的選擇上相當多的採用零翻譯、音譯的同時，還努力用傳神的文化特色詞，在古詞的基礎上創造新詞來翻譯以求達到雙贏的效果。另外，粵地區炎熱的天氣，促使粵人從著裝打扮到處理事務上都力求簡單實用快捷。而語言作為輔助性的工具，只要它能達意，並不追求它的華美。這也正是為什麼粵語中的音譯比普通話中的多，為什麼粵人在交流中不時夾雜英語的原因所在。而普通話作為官方語言，重視漢語的語言規範，它要求外來詞被吸收後“必須受漢語體系制約，符合漢語的規範”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，因而，其音譯有向意譯轉化的趨勢，零翻譯現象也不普遍。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span>2.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">譯詞形式。粵人的創新自主意識非常強烈，這使得他們不僅在改革開放的經濟大潮中起了先鋒的作用，在語言使用上，也是不拘一格。粵人在譯詞內容的選擇上採取自主開放的心態，這使得譯詞來源非常廣泛。為了能夠迅速獲得新資訊，他們一方面在古字的基礎上加以簡單改造，使之為我所用，另一方面，他們還通過借用外來詞以及自己創造新辭彙的方式來豐富自己的表達形式，這些舉措在一定程度上豐富了粵語辭彙。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">以香港城市大學語言咨訊中心</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1994</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年建立的“各地中文共時語料庫”為基礎，通過大規模的量化研究，鄒嘉彥發現，“新詞在當代漢語各地區擴散的方向和優勢文化的方向相一致”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。漢語新詞的來源主要是外來語</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">以英語為主</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，因此外來語的翻譯及其傳播和優勢文化有著密切的聯繫，外來語的翻譯過程也就必然受到優勢文化的影響。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="細明體"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">?? <font face="細明體"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">在中國的最近</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">20</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">年，粵語成為漢語的強勢方言，而粵文化也成為中國獨具特色的文化。正是粵語在外來語翻譯中表現出的獨特性讓我們的研究有了必要。本文通過分析粵語中英語譯詞特徵，表明在英粵翻譯過程中，粵人採取的翻譯策略及其對譯詞形式的選擇深受其所處社會的自主創新、開放相容的文化特徵的影響。</span></font></font></span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><h3><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">??? </span></span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">參考文獻：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Bassnett, S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span>and A.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span>Lefervere</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">〔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">eds).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span>Translation,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span>History and Culture [ M ].London and New York Pinter,1990.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">董少葵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵方言中的英語譯詞研究</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">廣州師院學報，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2000<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">? </span>(6)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">34</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">37.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">王國安 王小曼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">漢語詞語的文化透視</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">上海：漢語大詞典出版社，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">鄧景濱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">港澳新詞語研究</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">廣州：暨南大學，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1996.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Hudson, R. A. Sociolinguistics (2nd ed.). London</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> Cambridge University Press, 1996</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">呂俊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">關於翻譯中文化觀的幾個間題</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，羅選民</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">英漢文化對比與跨文化交際</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">瀋陽：遼寧人民出版社，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2000.37</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">42.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">詹伯慧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">漫步語壇的第三個腳印—漢語方言與語言應用論集</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">廣州：暨南大學出版社，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">廣東省地方史志辦公室最具開放性—廣府文化特徵及傳統民俗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.http</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> //www.gznet.com/news/zhuanti/wids/wfcl/002.htm.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">洪文翰，外來詞的引進與漢譯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">外語與外語教學，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1997 (2)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">43</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">45</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">.</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">語言教學與研究，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2003(2)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> 12-21.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">?<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">基金專案</span></b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">：廣東省教育廳人文社會科學研究專案：基於語料庫的粵、港、澳地區社會用語研究（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">10630)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><font size="3"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">作者簡介</span></b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">：王惠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">(1973 </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">—</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">，女，講師，主要從事翻譯理論與實踐、社會語言學、功能語言學研究。</span></font> <p><font face="細明體" size="4">“<font color="#ff0000">車立</font>”=車旁加個“立”字，左右結構，論文太長了，不得已要分開，不便之處敬請原諒。</font><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><br/></p><p><font face="細明體" color="#0997f7" size="3">點解最屘一行嘅字型大細改咗都冇反應?? 系咪因為長過頭?</font></p>[此帖子已經被作者於2007-3-12 11:35:48編輯過]
呢篇嘢非常唔錯....頂之!! 如来顶顶神功，顶上去 <p>估計是一學士學位的畢業論文……</p> 一時唔記得呢篇論文喺邊睇過。
幫佢執返整齊啲排版。
呢篇文論述得好。
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