[轉帖]UNESCO（聯合國教科文組織）問卷調查：語言的活力和多樣性

JUMPSEY 發表於 2009-11-20 14:38:44

原帖地址：<A href="http://www.sinolect.org/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=18588">http://www.sinolect.org/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=18588</A>
 
UNESCO（聯合國教科文組織）問卷調查：語言的活力和多樣性
 偶爾進了UNESCO的網站，發現他們有個調查，鏈接在此：<A href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00144">http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00144</A> 這裏面有調查問卷，填完之後再發到這裏：<A href="mailto:ling.diversity@unesco.org">ling.diversity@unesco.org</A> 該頁面下方也有中文版的問卷可以填（填完後不會落在推普機手裏吧....） 大家有興趣好看看

外外星人 發表於 2010-1-21 03:12:15

<DIV id=contenttext>
<H1>Linguistic diversity in relation to biodiversity</H1>
The reversal of the current trend of biodiversity loss and degradation will only be possible if it is tackled in an integrated, interdisciplinary manner that combines different fields, … namely education, science, culture and communication Koïchiro Matsuura, Director-General of UNESCO 
<H3>Background</H3>
<DIV class=right style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN-LEFT: 15px; WIDTH: 300px"><IMG alt="" src="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/img/photo/thumb/00018-MED.jpg">
<DIV class=legend>The Andean Cosmovision of the Kallawaya © Vice Ministerio de Cultura</DIV></DIV>
In 2002 the States Parties to the <A href="http://www.cbd.int/" target=_blank rel=external>Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)</A> committed to achieve a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national level as a contribution to poverty alleviation and to the benefit of all life on earth by 2010 (the 2010 Biodiversity Target). 
Subsequently, 22 Headline Indicators to measure progress towards this target were adopted. The indicators cover the seven Focal Areas, including the one on the Status of traditional knowledge, innovations and practices. As part of this effort, UNESCO is developing a Linguistic Vitality Index to be used as the 2010 Target Indicator on the Status and Trends of Linguistic Diversity and Numbers of Speakers of Indigenous Languages. 
<H3>Methodology</H3>
The preservation of traditional knowledge related to biodiversity may depend to a large degree on the safeguarding of the languages that are vehicles of that knowledge. It thus becomes crucial to find ways to record linguistic diversity and vitality and to track their change over time. 
Over the past three years (2006 – 2009) UNESCO has conducted a large-scale data collection and collation effort in order to constitute a global baseline from which trends on numbers of speakers can be calculated in the future. A two-pronged methodological approach has been used: 
<OL>
<LI>Country-based data collection on numbers of speakers of indigenous languages using mainly national censuses and surveys. Our searchable electronic database currently contains over 5000 entries covering a time-span of forty years, and is a unique resource on global language statistics. It also stores information on language data collection methodologies (in particular, the questions asked by census-takers) for over 100 countries, which has allowed us to begin a comparative analytical study at the global level;
<LI>Language community-based data collection on a variety of sociolinguistic parameters, including numbers of speakers, degree of endangerment and spatial location. This was done with the help of a standardized data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire titled Linguistic Vitality and Diversity, sent to hundreds of linguists (300 have been returned so far), as well as data compiled by UNESCO』s experts for the third edition of the Atlas of the World』s Languages in Danger (over 2500 languages). </LI></OL>
A preliminary analysis of the language data collected so far established that the definitions, criteria and methodologies used for language data collection differ substantially from one expert or Statistics office to the other, and often from one census round to the next. As a result, comparisons across sources and the calculation of trends become problematic. To overcome these difficulties and constitute a global dataset that would permit a more effective monitoring of the status and trends in linguistic vitality and diversity, it is crucial to achieve a certain degree of harmonization of definitions and methodologies across the world. 
If you have done research on an indigenous language, please fill in the questionnaire (<A href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>English</A>|<A href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/Vitalidad_y_Diversidad_Linguistica-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>Spanish</A>|<A href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209-Chinese.doc" target=_blank rel=external>Chinese</A>) and send it back to us at the following e-mail address: <A href="mailto:ling.diversity@unesco.org" target=_blank rel=external>ling.diversity@unesco.org</A>. 
<DIV id=updated>Last update: 2009-10-27 15:10:53</DIV></DIV>

外外星人 發表於 2010-1-21 03:14:33

语言多样性与生物多样性
The reversal of the current trend of biodiversity loss and degradation will only be possible if it is tackled in an integrated, interdisciplinary manner that combines different fields, … namely education, science, culture and communication 对生物多样性的丧失和退化的趋势 ， 扭转当前只可如果是在一个综合的，跨学科的方式 ， 结合不同领域，解决...即教育，科学，文化和传播 Koïchiro Matsuura, Director-General of UNESCO干事松浦晃一郎教科文组织总 
<H3>Background背景 </H3>
<DIV class=right style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN-LEFT: 15px; WIDTH: 300px"><IMG alt="" src="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/img/photo/thumb/00018-MED.jpg">
<DIV class=legend>The Andean Cosmovision of the Kallawaya在安第斯宇宙观的Kallawaya © Vice Ministerio de Cultura ©副Ministerio德文化之 </DIV></DIV>
In 2002 the States Parties to the <A href="http://www.cbd.int/" target=_blank rel=external>Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)</A> committed to achieve a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national level as a contribution to poverty alleviation and to the benefit of all life on earth by 2010 ( the 2010 Biodiversity Target ). 2002年，缔约国<A href="http://www.cbd.int/" target=_blank rel=external>生物多样性公约（CBD）</A>致力于实现生物多样性丧失的速度 ， 以此为扶贫做出贡献全球，区域和国家层面的大幅度削减 ， 对地球上所有生命的利益 <A href="http://www.cbd.int/" target=_blank rel=external>公约</A> 2010年 （2010年生物多样性目标 ）。 
Subsequently, 22 Headline Indicators to measure progress towards this target were adopted.随后，22标题指标来衡量实现这一目标方面的进展获得通过。 The indicators cover the seven Focal Areas, including the one on the Status of traditional knowledge, innovations and practices .这些指标包括7个重点领域，包括传统知识，创新和做法的现状之一。 As part of this effort, UNESCO is developing a Linguistic Vitality Index to be used as the 2010 Target Indicator on the Status and Trends of Linguistic Diversity and Numbers of Speakers of Indigenous Languages .作为这一努力的一部分，教科文组织正在开发一种语言活力指数作为2010年目标指示器中的地位和语言多样性和土著语言的使用人数的趋势 。 
<H3>Methodology方法论 </H3>
The preservation of traditional knowledge related to biodiversity may depend to a large degree on the safeguarding of the languages that are vehicles of that knowledge.在有关生物多样性保护传统知识可能取决于在很大的程度上维护语言的是这种知识的载体。 It thus becomes crucial to find ways to record linguistic diversity and vitality and to track their change over time.因此，它变得至关重要设法记录语言的多样性和活力，并跟踪他们对时间的变化。 
Over the past three years (2006 – 2009) UNESCO has conducted a large-scale data collection and collation effort in order to constitute a global baseline from which trends on numbers of speakers can be calculated in the future.在过去3年（2006 - 2009）教科文组织进行了大规模数据收集和整理工作，以便从中构成了全球性基线发言号码趋势将在未来计算。 A two-pronged methodological approach has been used:一个双管齐下的方法途径已被使用： 
<OL>
<LI>Country-based data collection on numbers of speakers of indigenous languages using mainly national censuses and surveys. 以国家为基础的数据的使用主要是国家普查和调查土著语言的人数集合 。 Our searchable electronic database currently contains over 5000 entries covering a time-span of forty years, and is a unique resource on global language statistics.我们的搜索的电子数据库目前包含了超过5000项涉及的时间跨度40年，是一个全球性的语言统计独特的资源。 It also stores information on language data collection methodologies (in particular, the questions asked by census-takers) for over 100 countries, which has allowed us to begin a comparative analytical study at the global level;它也将资料储存在语言中的数据（尤其是收集方法，所提出的质询调查工作人员对100多个国家，它使我们开始在全球范围内的比较分析研究）;
<LI>Language community-based data collection on a variety of sociolinguistic parameters , including numbers of speakers, degree of endangerment and spatial location. 语言以社区为基础的社会语言各种参数 ，包括发言号码，危害程度和空间位置的数据收集 。 This was done with the help of a standardized data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire titled Linguistic Vitality and Diversity , sent to hundreds of linguists (300 have been returned so far), as well as data compiled by UNESCO's experts for the third edition of the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (over 2500 languages).这样做是一个标准的数据，标题为语言活力和多样性一份问卷形式收集工具的帮助下，送往语言学家（300成千上万的人已经回来了），以及第三版联合国教科文组织的专家编纂的数据在对世界濒危语言地图集（超过2500种语言）。 </LI></OL>
A preliminary analysis of the language data collected so far established that the definitions, criteria and methodologies used for language data collection differ substantially from one expert or Statistics office to the other, and often from one census round to the next.对语言数据的初步分析收集迄今确定的定义，标准和语言，数据收集采用的方法有很大出入一名专家或统计局其他，经常从一个普查到下一轮。 As a result, comparisons across sources and the calculation of trends become problematic.因此，在资源比较和计算的趋势成为一个问题。 To overcome these difficulties and constitute a global dataset that would permit a more effective monitoring of the status and trends in linguistic vitality and diversity, it is crucial to achieve a certain degree of harmonization of definitions and methodologies across the world.为了克服这些困难，并构成一个全球数据集，将允许的现状和语言的活力和多样性趋势更有效的监测，重要的是要实现的定义和方法，在世界各地一定程度的统一。 
If you have done research on an indigenous language, please fill in the questionnaire ( <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>English</A> | <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Vitalidad_y_Diversidad_Linguistica-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>Spanish</A> | <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209-Chinese.doc" target=_blank rel=external>Chinese</A> ) and send it back to us at the following e-mail address: <A href="mailto:ling.diversity@unesco.org" target=_blank rel=external>ling.diversity@unesco.org</A> . 如果你有做了一个土著语言的研究，请填写调查表 （ <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>英语</A> | <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Vitalidad_y_Diversidad_Linguistica-20090209.doc" target=_blank rel=external>西班牙语</A> | <A href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/culture/ich/doc/src/Linguistic_Vitality_and_Diversity-20090209-Chinese.doc" target=_blank rel=external>中文</A> ）， 并发送回给我们以下电子邮件地址<A href="mailto:ling.diversity@unesco.org" target=_blank rel=external>：@ unesco.org ling.diversity。</A> 
<DIV id=updated>Last update: 2009-10-27 15:10:53最后更新：2009年10月27号15点10分53秒 </DIV>

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[轉帖]UNESCO（聯合國教科文組織）問卷調查：語言的活力和多樣性