吴语(上海话)的文化价值及普通话的文化缺陷
<P><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=black><FONT size=2>.</FONT></FONT></FONT></P><P><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=black><FONT size=2>转自汉网 帖主 <STRONG><FONT face=Verdana color=#61b713>逍遥世界</FONT></STRONG> 发表于: <FONT face=新細明體>2008-7-27 12:31:00</FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=blue>摘录转贴声明:本帖观点不代表转贴者的观点.转贴目的是给大家观看/评论</FONT>.<BR>.<BR>.</FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><STRONG><FONT color=red size=5>吴语(上海话)的文化价值及普通话的文化缺陷</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 北方话成为普通话基本方言只是机遇问题,并非其是中国最好的方言,即使是也是「尺有所短、寸有所长」,博大精深的中华五千年文明不可能仅仅浓缩在普通话中。吴语也是伟大的文化遗产,有普通话不能替代的文化价值和文化功能。吴方言使用人口七千万(意大利语使用人口约六千万),有着和官话不同的音素、词汇、语法,故而称为「吴语」更合适。上海话是苏州话、宁波话等几种代表性吴语的混合体,兼具苏州话的软,宁波话的硬,加上使用人口较多,是最具代表性的吴语。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG><FONT color=purple size=5>吴语的价值主要有以下几方面。</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG><FONT size=4>一、语音工具。河南籍的唐玄奘是选用吴音译注佛经的,因唯吴音才能译音准确。</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 上海话单音素有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个,普通话仅</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">。北方话、英语、法语分别仅有送气和不送气清音、送气清音和浊音、不送气清音和浊音的对应;而这三组音在吴语中都有,不送气清音「拨(给)[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">p</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、德[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">t</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、革[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">k</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」、送气清塞音「泼[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ph</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、忒[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">th</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、克[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">kh</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」、浊音「渤[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">b</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、突[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">d</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、搿[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">g</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」。吴语有最完善的语音体系,且音素都较实用,上海话音素几乎每个都在常见外语中得到使用。而没短音、音素少、无浊音、大量音素除了说北方话以外几乎没什么用处(包括翘舌音等)的普通话,为外来词译音常是赶鸭子上架--勉为其难,译音也多不准确。因此常见的外语中,吴语对得上号的音素常比普通话;法语</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">35</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个音标中,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">余个和上海话中相应音素一致,普通话不及其半;日语片假名基本可以用吴语读准,北方话是万万不能的;英语等其它外语情况也大致如此。比如:英语「</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">VCD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">」三字母,相当上海话「微西地[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">visidi</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">](西是尖音)」,北京人多读为普通话的「微西地[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">weiciti</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">](西是团音)」。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 人在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">岁以前学发音较易,反之较难,故而以吴语为母语者学外语咬音一般较外省人准确。比如,我有位同事的儿子从小受普通话教育,成了不会讲上海话的土生土长上海人,他上海话「麦」的韵母读不出;上海话「麦」的韵母和英语「</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">bus</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">」的元音是一致的,那么他讲英语时当然也发不出该音。又有,有位京籍朋友在沪多年,称自己上海话的「茶」声母[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">z</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]发不出,他读外语时也是将[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">z</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]发成汉语拼音的「(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">z</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ts</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」,比如将字母「</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">z</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">」读为普通话「在[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">tsai</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG><FONT size=4>二、学习汉语文学的工具。大量古诗词用普通话读不出韵脚、韵律,影响赏析。</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">历史上中国北方长期沦为异族统治。北方游牧民族多学汉语,部分融入汉族。他们讲的汉语自然不太正宗。从语音历史资料可看出。入派它声始于元,清定型,期间明恢复;全浊音清化始于五代宋辽时期的北方,至清(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ng</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)声母脱落、[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">v</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]并入[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">w</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]。因浊音音低,传不远,而入声音短,托不长,皆不方便在草原上远距离对话,所以北方游牧民族发不出这些音素,入主中原后学汉语时,也就没学好这些音。就好像今天的北方人讲英语时,常发不好短音和浊音,把[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">v</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]读成[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">w</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]。另,由于他们发不出(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">fong</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)、(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">vong</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)等音节,东、冬</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">'</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">韵的「风、凤」等就归入了(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">eng</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)韵;发不出[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">vi</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">],「微、维」等字就改为(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">wei</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)音,北方人多将「</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">v</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">」读为(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">wei</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)。翘舌音也非古汉语固有音素,语音史上有古无舌上音之说,其出现在唐朝中期的北方,可能和先期融入汉族的南匈奴、冬凸厥等有关。北方话是吴、粤、闽、客、官五大方言中不规则变化最多的,有大量半字先生读法,可能和早期北方民族汉语水平不高有关,如:「帮(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">b</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">p</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」母字「秘」转为「明(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">m</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)」母,是受字符「宓」影响。故北方话对传统汉语音韵结构继承较少。因此,今日北方话曾被学者们称为「<FONT color=navy size=5><STRONG>金元虏语</STRONG></FONT>」,<FONT size=4><STRONG>西文</STRONG></FONT></SPAN><FONT size=4><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> mandarin</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">字根</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">mand</FONT></SPAN></STRONG></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"><FONT size=4><STRONG>满</STRONG></FONT>。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> ①北方话是唯一不保留入声(短音)的汉语方言。无入声使北方话语言节奏呆板,如:吴语「勿晓得」两头是半拍的入声,中间是全拍的舒声,形成切分音节,这是北方话所没的。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> ②北方话是韵母结构变化最严重的方言。以至《声律发蒙》等书,无法用普通话读出韵脚。而且古代声韵书籍的注音方式,比较适合南方话,如「打」注音为「德冷切」等等。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> ③普通话声母结构也迥异于古汉语。古汉语三十六母中的全浊音在普通话及其它方言中全盘清化,唯在吴语中得到保留。浊音清化导致北方话总体以高音为主,音感清轻高扬,符合草原生活环境,难怪有人将打官腔和唱高调扯在一块。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 不可否认在继承传统汉语音韵结构上普通话有重大缺陷。大量古诗词用普通话读不出韵脚、韵律(尤其是讲究舒促结构的词曲),影响赏析,用普通话也不能讲解词曲格律。《唐诗三百首》中的前十首中有五首,用普通话读影响韵脚,包括:第一首《感遇》的韵脚:「洁、节、悦、折」,第七首《佳人》的韵脚:「谷、木、戮、肉、烛、玉、宿、哭、浊、屋、薄、竹」,第八首《梦李白》的韵脚:「恻、息、忆、测、黑、翼、色、得」,等在古汉语和现在吴语中都是入声字;另外,第二首《下终南山过斛斯山人宿之酒》的韵脚:「微、扉、衣、稀、机」,第九首《送綦毋潜落地还乡》的韵脚:「薇、非、衣、扉、稀」,等在古汉语和现在吴语中韵母都是[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">i</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 掌握入声、浊声母和一些古汉语音韵对学习古汉语有重要意义,这是吴语能提供的便利。若有朝一日南方方言均遭灭绝,上述诗词就只能借助韩、越等异族语言来诵读出韵脚,岂不遗人笑柄。受古汉语影响较大的韩、越等语汉字读音体系,更接近吴语等南方话。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 尽管北宋以前的文学创作确以北方为主,但北宋以前的北方话更接近今日的南方话。直至清廷康熙年间朝廷修订的《佩文韵府》《康熙字典》依然使用入声和清浊母字分开。换句话说,当时已经形成的没有入声、没有浊音的北方话还不被认为有正统地位。另外,吴方言也曾经是东晋、南朝、南宋等时期的权威方言。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">中国早期文明虽以北方为主,但北方文化事业屡遭战乱破坏,大量知识分子因避战乱南迁,包括王羲之、辛弃疾等;中国文化视北方为正宗的看法是不全面的。自东晋天马渡江之后,中国文化中心就开始南移,南宋以后的中国文学创作主要是在吴方言区完成的。以四大名著三言两拍为代表的大量名著是江浙人写的。施耐庵、罗贯中、毛宗岗等本是说书艺人,冯梦龙、金圣叹等是苏州才子,大多数名著原来是苏州评书的脚本。仅《水浒全传》中吴语词汇就不下两百多,了解这些词汇可提高对作品的理解层次。纵使官话区人也未必不用吴语词汇,因大量北方籍的文学家有长期江浙生活的背景,如:马致远等。有人指出山东人写的《金瓶梅》中也有吴语词汇(见胡竹安《〈水浒全传〉所见现代吴语词汇试析》)。普通话基础方言文化积淀相对浅是事实。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">为弥补文化不足,以官话方言为底版的普通话大量吸收吴语词汇。这样词汇有「标致、便当、尴尬、像煞有介事」等等,不胜枚举。仍有大量生动的吴语词汇无法用普通话达意。如「触揢:触气加恶揢,常写作‘促狭、促掐’」等,「殟塞:常写作‘挖塞’,意为心中烦闷、不舒服」。某种意义上说吴语是种高雅的文化语言,官话则仅是种政治语言。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG><FONT color=red size=5>统一的国家未必是建立在单一文化模式上的。</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 有人认为只有推广普通话,消灭方言才能巩固统一。然而,当初罗马帝国纵有统一的拉丁语,但还是分裂了,今天多元化的欧洲却在谋求统一;而中国方言差异大的东南部,自战国末年起就基本上是在统一政权下,方言差异小的北方及西南反经常分治(中国搞封建割据的多是北方人)。统一的国家未必是建立在单一文化模式上的,如瑞士、加拿大等,何况是中国这样的大国。世界上同言、同宗的波黑塞、穆两族也可是不共戴天的仇人。吴、汉音之别和我们伟大祖国已共走过几千年。普通话和吴语应该是瑜亮同生的。很难想象,只有京剧、没有昆曲、评弹,只有铁马钢河的《黄河》,没有杏花春雨的《梁祝》、《二泉映月》及暖气熏人的《阿西跳月》、《步步高》的中国是什么样。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 有人认为方言会阻碍经济发展。然方言区经济历来普遍比官话区发达。江淮次方言区本是吴语区,官话区化后经济文化各方面普遍落后于同省内的吴语区。当然推广一种全民族语言是有积极作用的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 有人提出吴语应向普通话靠拢,并滥用文读,滥造文读。这样势必会影响吴语文化特色,降低吴语文化价值。这无异是将吴语阉割了。若吴语失去其文化内涵的话,那还有必要存在吗?</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 吴语文化圈的人口应当包容其他文化圈的人,那么其他文化圈的人是否也应当包容、尊重吴语文化呢。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 解放前,昆曲、评弹在北方也有不少听众;解放初,绍剧《大闹天宫》也曾风靡全国,毛主席亲题:「金猴奋起千钧棒,玉宇澄清万里埃」。开国大典上,国家名誉主席宋庆龄就是用上海话做报告的。而现在,吴语被认定为是一种走不出,也不该走出江浙沪,亟待消灭、不上台面的土话。欲置其于死而后快的大有人在。近来有沪语电视剧遭禁播,有人还不依不饶地称另一未及遭禁的沪语电视剧造成了「极恶劣」影响。什么「恶劣」影响?我只知道,被马德里征服的巴塞罗那人和在印度尼西亚受歧视的华人是不可以公开说自己语言的,但随时代进步,不仅这些歧视政策都被解除,且巴塞罗那方言受到政府保护。相反,《秋菊打官司》、《没事偷着乐》等官话方言电视剧、电影不会有遭禁之虞。中央电视台有粤语、闽南语节目,但没有中国第二大语--吴语新闻节目。王朔说过:南方作家写不出他这样的作品,因为不能像他那样在作品中自如的使用生活语言;可见对方言的禁锢已是文坛巨大损失,江南可是名著之乡啊!在欧洲写文章曾必需用拉丁文。薄伽丘开风气之先,用方言写就了《十日谈》,文字解放带来了欧洲文学繁荣,也为日后佛洛伦萨方言成为权威意大利语打下基础。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 毁林容易,造林难;消灭一种文化是可能的,重造一种文化是不能的。假推普之名,行文化灭绝之实将使我们愧对子孙。本世纪将有千万种语言将消亡,若吴语成为其中一员是幸莫大焉,还是憾莫大焉?即使一心要消灭吴语也非旦夕能至;堵洪不如泄洪,我们应该充分利用「汉字」这全民族交流工具,规范吴语用字,使其不成为只是注音的密码。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 造成不少人反感上海话的原因是多方面的。一是「上海人的语言优越感」。但北京人的傲气远在上海人之上。所谓「语言优越感」本质是地域优越感。消灭方言就能消灭地域优越感?还有,吴语不好懂。其实方言区也有不少人是听不懂普通话的,方言区人口是通过学习才掌握普通话的。解放后吴语受到文化歧视、政策限制,外省人缺乏接触机会,自然不能掌握。有人认为,外省人听不懂吴语,会反感吴语节目,消灭吴语可使外省引进的人才生活方便,容易留住他们;然而带字幕的吴语节目的很大部分观众是想学吴语的外省人,真正爱上海的人是愿意学上海话的,并称之为真正融入上海,只是苦于没有好的渠道。因为不懂吴语就要消灭吴语,那么学不好外语,就要求外国人也只讲普通话吗?国人可以学外语,为什么不能容忍同胞的语言。是的,吴语文化圈人口应当包容其他文化圈的人,那么其他文化圈的人是否也应当尊重吴语文化呢。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG><FONT size=4>另外,吴语受文化歧视,对其存在不少误解。</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">比如:江浙人「黄、王」不分,平翘、前后鼻音不分,似乎同音字问题严重;其实吴语中结构最简单的上海话,单音素也有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个,普通话仅</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">,普通话清浊声母不分,故「弟、帝」「定、订」不分;舒促声调不分,故「一、衣」「做、作」不分;「疑(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ng</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)、影[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」声母不分,故「艾、爱」「义、异」不分;「[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">w</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]、[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">v</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」声母不分,故「万、腕」「紊、稳」不分;以及「菜、蔡」不分……同音字问题并不比吴语好。(上海话声母</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">29</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、韵母</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">36</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、自成音节</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、声调</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">;普通话声母</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">22</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、韵母</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">35</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、自成音节</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">、声调</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">。)</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">又如:上海话「烧饭」不合词法,北方话「打饭」更莫名其妙;上海话「瞎开心」让人看不懂,是「赫」误为「瞎」,北方话「气煞」愣说「气死」言过其实。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">又有人说吴语许多词汇不能写,绝大多数情况是我们不熟悉其写法;但却有部分没有合适写法,普通话也有这现象。如:普通话的「这、那、哪、你」等字也不是自古就这样用的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">现在受普通话教育的年轻人书面语言不会用吴语讲,反称吴语词汇少、有些词不能说,好像昆剧不曾是百戏之祖,评弹不曾是明清小说的温床。有人称不少成语无法用吴语讲;事实是,我们今天使用的大量成语来自明朝苏州才子冯梦龙的《东周列国志》,而当时不带入声调的北方话还没完全形成。其实,吴语比较合乎古汉语音韵结构,再生辟的字也可按古音推出读法;而北方话不符合古汉语音韵结构,比如入声的字在普通话中分派四声并无规律,全浊音字母或归入不送气清音,或归入送气清音,若非普通话经过多年规范化的话,有些字就很难读了。如:阴入声字「击、级、戟、髻」,在普通话中分派四声,同为「並[</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">b</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」母字的「平、病」,在普通话中分属不同声母。当然,有些北方话的词汇转换成吴语时需要意译。如:「玩猫腻」换成吴语「摆花斑」,其中孰优孰劣,明眼人自知。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">个别北方人称南方话是鸟语,据说依据是「南方朱雀,北方玄武」,那么北方人都成了什么?</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">有人因听不懂吴语,有抵触情绪,常公开说上海话不好听、是土话;这种行为实有文化歧视之嫌疑。和吴语有较多相同音素和发音习惯的法语在欧洲是种有很高地位的贵族语言。法国人认为法语开口小,轻巧是贵族语言的特征,这也是上海话特征。吴语有浊音,语音丰富,声调舒促、高低错落,语音面貌的美感是其它方言不能比拟的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">7.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">吴语因没有合法地位,没经过加工整理,却有些不足之处;但这不是吴语的错,浑金璞玉难道就不是金玉良言了么。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> <STRONG>中国第二大和文化价值最高的吴语,急需立法加以保护。</STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 如果因为上海是中国的首位城市,所以要讲普通话,禁止讲吴语;哪么是否因为上海是国际都市,就要推广世界普通话——英语,禁说汉语了吗?上海毕竟是以江浙为母体的上海,在继承吴越文化上责无旁贷,这事能推给北京吗?</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 普通话以北方话为基本方言,北京音为基本音是无法改变的既成事实(即使上海人只说普通话,普通话也不会变成上海音为基本音)。但不妨碍吴语作为一种文化得到保留。也应该正视,吴语有普通话无法替代的文化功能和文化价值。讲方言和说普通话是不抵触的,参与汉语拼音方案及其前身制定的绝大多数是南方人,钱玄同、赵元任、瞿秋白、朱文熊等吴语人占有半数,这和江浙在全国的文化比重是一致的,而北方人却很少。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'"> 是否我们的推普工作可以由现在的重形式,换成重质量,即要求每个人有普通话交流能力;同时为保留传统汉语、吴语文化做些工作。首先恢复以标准市区上海话播音的吴语新闻节目,向全国推广;这样不仅可使为祖国建设而远赴他乡的江浙人听到乡音,也可使全国人民共享吴语文化的优越性。在上海学校大部分课目用普通话的背景下,开设吴语朗读课。承认吴语的中国第二大语地位。中国需要吴语作为普通话的文化补充。作为中国文化价值最高的语言,吴语有存在的必要。吴语急需立法加以保护。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">转自北大中文论坛,作者:上海闲话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">abc</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">注:「(</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">)」内是汉语拼音,「[</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">]」内是国际音标。</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'mso-hansi-font-family:'">.</SPAN></P> <P><STRONG><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=black><FONT size=2>.</FONT></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=black><FONT size=2>转自汉网 帖主 <STRONG><FONT face=Verdana color=black>天映红淡</FONT></STRONG> 发表于: </FONT><FONT face=新細明體 size=3>2009-2-9 15:20:00</FONT></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Simsun><FONT color=blue>转贴声明:本帖观点不代表转贴者的观点.转贴目的是给大家观看/评论</FONT>.<BR>.<BR>.</FONT></P></STRONG>
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<P><STRONG>上海掀起「保衛上海話運動」,</STRONG></P>
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[ 本帖最後由 正正 於 2009-3-11 15:28 編輯 ] 推普機嘅實質就系文化滅絕、法西斯、反人權。如果唔認清呢一點,就無法保護好自己嘅母語。
[ 本帖最後由 canton_rights 於 2009-3-11 16:29 編輯 ]
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