海南闽语简介(Wai Naam Oib Gaang Gai)
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; "> 海南闽语是从福建的古代闽南话演变而来的,直到现在,海南闽语和闽南话仍然存在着很多相同和相似的地方。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的发音特点 - 省气省力 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语全部是平舌音,说话时,舌头等发音器官变化幅度小。海南闽语除了没有翘舌音外,还没有送气音。普通话中的大量送气音显然会消耗说话人的力气。海南闽语只用平舌音和不送气音,不用翘舌音和送气音,这样使说话人既省力又省气。<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的入声 - <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 入声通常带有辅音韵尾,发音短促,海南闽语有入声。像「十」「出」「绿」等在海南闽语里就是入声字,入声字可以使发音更加丰富多彩。海南闽语入声字「十」念 「dab」,由于普通话里没有入声字(因此造成许多字都读成相同的音),说普通话的人学海南话「十」的发音时常常念成「da」(哒)。这就漏掉了「b」这个入声字中的一个韵尾而不自觉,而海南闽语中「dab」和「da」是两个明显不同的读音和意义。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的入声字韵尾主要有这几个:「d」「g」「b」。这些韵尾是不需要发出声音来的,只是点到为止,就像英语中的不完全爆破音一样。外地人大都觉得这种音很难学,除非他们学英语的时候就学会了英语的不完全爆破音。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的收气音(r) - 标志性特点 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语有不送气音,但没有送气音;不仅没有送气音,反而有收气音。所谓收气音,就是海南话里经常出现的发音时不吐气而略微吸气的一种特别的声母的发音(r)。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 让我们来研究这个收气音。首先,我们熟悉的声母「t」是送气音,海南闽语声母「d」的发音口型跟「t」是一样的,只是不送气。海南话声母「r」是个收气音,它发音的口型跟「d」是相同的,特别之处是「r」发音时稍稍吸进一点气。例如,「raa」(踏)、「rii」(弟)、「ro」(丈)。这三个例字的海南闽语声母都发收气音,如果把它们念成不送气音而且保留韵母不变的话,我们便得到另外的读音和意义:「da」(杂)「dii」(是)、「do」(助)。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 在海南闽语里,「r」发的是收气音,发音时几乎不吐气,甚至会吸入一点气。这种收气音发音非常奇特,在不容易听到。许多外地人在海南使用海南闽语哪怕超过十年时间,仍然无法正确发好「r」这个声母,常常用「d」来替代。于是有时会闹出笑话或者引起误会,例如,把「有电」(u rin)说成「有信」(u din),把「得」(rid)说成「失」(did) ,把「德育」(rig zog)说成「色欲」(dig zog) 等。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的表达 - <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语的表达常常令外地人感到莫名其妙,现在随便举一些例子来说明。当然,如果你的文化水平较高的话,理解起来也并不是很困难,甚至觉得很有趣。 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 海南闽语不说吃饭,而说dsiag mei 。<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 其他的例子列表如下,破折号前的是海南闽语(只为了说明问题,故暂时不标上声调;海南闽语有六个调)<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 吾 (vaa或waa) —— 我 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 汝 (luu或duu) —— 你 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 伊 (ii) —— 她/他/它 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 箸 (ruu) —— 筷子 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 盅 (jiaang) —— 杯子 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 目 (maag) —— 眼睛 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 颏 (ngaag) —— 下巴 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 胛 (gaa) —— 肩膀 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 胳窝 (gaa lo) —— 胳肢窝,腋窝<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 胳脊 (gaa jia) —— 后背 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 胳椎 (gaa suei) —— 屁股 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 啜酒 (soi jiu) —— 喝酒 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 卧瞌 (ai huai) —— 睡觉<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 瞌目 (huai mag) —— 睡觉<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 叽喳 (jii jaa) —— 不正经,(女人)言行轻浮 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 使钱 (dai jii) —— 花钱 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 驶牛 (dai guu) —— 耕地 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 驶车 (dai sia) —— 开车<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 对谈 (roi hu) —— 聊天 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 布田 (bou saan) —— 插秧 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 凌迟 (ling sii) —— 折磨 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 行街 (gia guai) —— 逛街 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 走棋 (dao gii) —— 下棋 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 走神 (dao din) —— 发疯 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 行 (gia) —— 走<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 走 (dao) —— 跑<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 淫 (zin) —— 沉迷<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 落古 (laag gou) —— 处事不合常理,观念过时 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 假精 (gae jing) —— 自作聪明 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 放尿 (baang zio) —— 小便 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 放屎 (baang dai) —— 大便 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 现世 (yin dii) —— 出丑 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 恶相 (og xiaang) —— 丢人现眼 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 去处 (hud die) —— 上哪去 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 公房 (gong baang) —— 厕所 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 做风 (do waang) —— 刮台风 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 呆 (ngaan) —— 笨 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 精 (jing) —— 精明 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 会 (uai) —— 聪明 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 识 (baad) —— 会 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 行 (gia) —— 走 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 走 (dao) —— 跑 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 靓 (xiaang) —— 漂亮 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 老爹 (lao re) —— 当官的人 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 公爹 (gong re) —— 男人 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 婆娘 (fo nin) —— 生产后的女人 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 小子厮(niao gia sii) —— 小孩子 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 小子崽(niao gia dai) —— 小孩子(略含贬义)<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 鸡雄 (guai wao) —— 公鸡 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 鸡姆 (guai vo) —— 母鸡<br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 鸡哥 (guai gaag) —— 小公鸡 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 鸡娘 (guai nua) —— 小母鸡 <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 难学的海南闽语 - <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> <br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "> 对外地人(除了闽南人外)来说,海南闽语相当难学。难学的原因是它的发音中有吸气音、入声,同时使用着大量的古词汇。另外,文化背景等也是较大的障碍。</span><br> <P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>wai naam=海南?</FONT></P><P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>網上見有人說海南是hai nam</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>我家是發ai nam</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>dsiag-吃和喝都是用這個音</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>dsiag moi 吃飯</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>dsiag dui 喝水 </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT face=Verdana color=#444444 size=2>吾 (vaa或waa) —— 我 </FONT><BR style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; WORD-WRAP: break-word">啊?我家是發gua的</P>
<P> </P>
<P>很多人就算家中有長輩說海南話</P>
<P>也不會說甚至聽不懂</P>
<P> </P>
<P>海南話都成為我的外語了=.="</P> <P>1) 第一次聽海南話, 會不會覺得像少數民族語言?</P>
<P>2) 網上可否收聽到海南話?</P> 海南話有沒有什麼語法特點?
http://www.fyan8.com/minnan/hainanhua.htm
<P>首先說明我的海南話很爛很爛=.="</P><P> </P>
<P>1) 第一次聽海南話, 會不會覺得像少數民族語言?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>完全不像粵語或普通話</P>
<P>個人認為聽感像頗台語<---聽愛拼才會赢</P>
<P> </P>
<P>2) 網上可否收聽到海南話?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>我只去過兩個網</P>
<P><A href="http://www.fyan8.com/minnan/hainanhua.htm">http://www.fyan8.com/minnan/hainanhua.htm</A></P>
<P> </P>
<P><A href="http://love.hinews.cn/fc_hnfc.php">http://love.hinews.cn/fc_hnfc.php</A></P>
<P> </P>
<P>google或youtube應該還有的</P>
<P> </P>
<P>3)海南話有沒有什麼語法特點?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>海南話大概已退化為一種生活語言了,很難寫出來....</P>
<P> </P>
<P>出現頻率超高的"mi"</P>
<P> </P>
<P>du 多 mi le? 你做咩啊?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>mi se? 咩事?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>gua hu boi di mi 我去買d野</P>
<P> </P>
<P>mi1 mi3? 咩野?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>問句</P>
<P>多為"不"結尾</P>
<P> </P>
<P>hu goi bo? 去街不?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>jia mi bao bo? 吃麫包不?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>du wu din woi bo? 你有電話不?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>bo jong lei 不用了</P>
<P> </P>
<P> </P>
<P> </P>
<P>lu bo 大概等於英文的 have ....yet?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>du boi bao dua lu bo? 你買報紙了沒?</P>
<P> </P>
<P>gua bo boi lu 我沒買還(我還沒買)</P>
<P> </P>
<P> </P>
<P>"sao" 大概等於英文的again, more, 放句尾</P>
<P> </P>
<P>yo zat gai sao 要一個再(再要一個)</P>
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