粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:19:16

文化廣州 之 廣州嘅文物建築

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳家祠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院俗稱陳家祠,建於清光緒十六年至二十年(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1890-1894</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),是當時廣東省七十二縣陳姓宗親合資興建的合族祠。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1988</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年國務院公佈陳氏書院為第三批全國重點文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1959</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年被辟為廣東民間工藝博物館。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院正是集嶺南歷代建築藝術之大成的典型代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">,</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">包括前院、西院、東院及後院,占地一萬五千多平方米。走進書院,漫步于古樸幽雅的庭院,穿越過筆直秀美的連廊,耳畔傳來輕柔動聽的絲竹樂,遊客們無不驚歎於嶺南人們的藝術創造。那莊嚴瑰麗的造型,生動流暢的線條,錯落嚴謹的結構,典雅美妙的組合和富有濃郁嶺南地方特色的裝飾藝術,給人以無限的遐思和美的享受。早在本世紀二三十年代,德、英、日等國的建築專著《世界建築藝術》、《中國南方建築》中,便盛讚她為中國南方建築藝術的典範。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1959</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年,郭沫若以一位考古學家和文物鑒賞家的慧眼,寫詩贊道:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">天工人可代,人工天不如,果然造世界,勝讀十年書。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院建築由深三進,廣五間,大小十九座建築物組成,建築中心是高達二十余米的中進主殿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">聚賢堂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。整個建築根據中國古代建築形式美的原則,把眾多大小不同的建築物巧妙地組合佈局在平面方形的建築空間裏,前後左右,嚴謹對稱,虛實相間,極富層次。長廊、青雲巷使整個建築四通八達,庭院園林點綴其中,形成各自獨立而又相互聯繫的整體。尤其引人入勝的是,在陳氏書院的建築裝飾中廣泛採用木雕、石雕、磚雕、陶塑、灰塑、壁畫和銅鐵鑄等不同風格的工藝。雕刻技法既有簡練粗放、又有精雕細琢,上下呼應、相得益彰。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>
[此帖子已經被作者於2007-4-23 19:22:15編輯過]

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:24:27

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw;">陳家祠 II</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">磚雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院的磚雕數量多、規模大、做工細,代表了廣東清代磚雕的最高水平。廣東磚雕是選用上等青磚,根據圖案所需逐塊雕琢,然後按部位拼接,鑲嵌於牆上而成的。主要用於裝飾門楣、墀頭和簷牆等。磚雕是一種色彩樸實而又高雅的牆體裝飾藝術。陳氏書院保存完好的墀頭磚雕最能體現出廣東</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">掛線磚雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的風格特點。其平面多以各種線條處理,線條密集蒼勁、纖細均勻,垂直如線,雕工精湛,故有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">掛線磚雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">之稱。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">石雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院的石雕主要採用花崗岩石材,多為建築承重及易受風雨侵蝕部位構件之用。陳氏書院石雕紋飾繁複,造型秀麗。它融合了圓雕、浮雕、鏤雕、陰刻等技法,經藝人精心錘打雕刻,厚重的石雕承重物件變得輕巧典雅,更顯示出南方石雕精巧秀氣的風格特點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">木雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院建築內部,幾乎所有的構件均以色澤深沉、雕工精美的木雕為裝飾。這些木雕用料龐大優質,雕工精細考究,內容包羅萬象,圖案繁縟富麗。其中十六扇以歷史故事為題材的雙面鏤雕屏門擋中,被譽為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">民間藝人運用木頭和鋼刀雕就的歷史故事長廊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陶塑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院十一條陶塑脊飾,是廣東現存最大型、最華麗的清代傳統建築裝飾。它是石灣文如壁、寶玉榮等名店製作的。脊飾根據人們仰視角度的需要,採用誇張而求大效果的造型手法,用陶泥塑造,經上釉和高溫燒制後,再搬上屋頂安裝而成。內容多以傳統粵劇戲曲場面為主,兩側配以吉祥圖案,構圖對稱和諧,色彩高貴典雅。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">灰塑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">灰塑是廣東傳統建築特有的室外裝飾藝術。它以石灰為主要材料,拌上稻草或草紙,經反復錘煉,製成草根灰、紙根灰,並以瓦筒、銅線為支撐物,在施工現場塑造,待幹後再塗上礦物顏料而成。陳氏書院灰塑造型誇張有趣,色彩大紅大綠,極富民間喜慶熱鬧的氣氛。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">鐵鑄</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在清代傳統建築中,以鐵鑄作為庭院裝飾是極少見的,而陳氏書院的連廊鐵柱和月臺十六塊鐵鑄雙面通花欄板,更是我國古代庭院建築裝飾藝術之傑作。雙面通花鐵鑄欄板鑲嵌在花崗岩石鏤雕欄杆中,利用鐵、石鮮明的色彩對比和鐵鑄通透立體的造型,石、鐵巧妙結合,產生出畫卷般的藝術效果,使月臺顯得更加典雅大方。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">彩繪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏族書院的彩繪藝術主要體現在大門門神和東西廂房的壁畫上。彩繪兩尊門神各高達</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,藝人運用工筆重彩技法,用豔麗但和諧的色彩突出表現了守門大將威武鎮邪的神采。東西廂房各有一幅壁畫,以文人雅士為題材,恰好與廂房作為陳姓子弟溫書攻讀場所的使用功能相匹配。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">吉祥如意圖案</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">陳氏書院的建築裝飾題材,大量採用比喻、諧音借代、通感聯想等手法,把不同時空的具有某種象徵寓意的符號或物象巧妙地組合統一在一幅畫裏,用以表達某種意念,反映人們追求幸福美好生活的理想和願望。這些吉祥如意的圖案紋飾融匯了嶺南各地能工巧匠的心血和智慧,同時也形象地表現了封建社會的傳統意識和價值取向。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:25:11

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">南海神廟</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">南海神廟是我國古代海外交通貿易史上的一個重要遺址和海上絲綢之路的起點,又稱菠蘿廟。占地面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬平方米。南海神廟創建于隋開皇</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">594</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),為祭祀南海神而建。南海神廟宏偉深廣,前堂後寢,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1985</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年後經重修復原,重建了大殿、碑亭、頭門、儀門。廟前西側有一土埠名章丘,昔為觀望海上日出之地,築有浴日亭,單簷歇山頂,梁架簡潔,亭旁古木蓊鬱,高聳一株紅豆古樹。“扶胥浴日”是宋、元、清三代的“羊城八景”之一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">南海神廟的廟會在每年農曆</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">日至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">日舉行,也叫菠蘿誕,參觀遊覽人數達數十萬,已逐漸成為廣州民間傳統節慶活動。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1962</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣東省人民委員會公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:25:30

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">光孝寺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">光孝寺以歷史悠久、規模宏偉為嶺南佛教叢林之冠,占在面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬平方米,建於公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">世紀的西漢初年,曾是南越國的王苑。三國時東吳都尉虞翻居此講學,多種訶樹,故稱“虞苑”、“訶林”。唐儀鳳元年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">676</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),禪宗六祖惠能在此與寺僧論風幡後公開身份、削髮受戒,開創佛教禪宗南派。南宋紹興二十一年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1151</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)定名為光孝寺,並沿用至今。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">光孝寺內文物古跡眾多。大雄寶殿是華南現存最古老、保留唐宋遺風最好的珍貴建築,東西鐵塔是全國僅存最古老最完整的鐵塔。瘞發塔、房融洗硯池是唐代古跡。伽藍殿、六祖殿為宋代建築內格,明、清時重建。還有古菩提樹、訶子樹、蓮花塔、睡佛樓、達摩洗缽泉、世型銅佛、白石觀音和碑林等古跡。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1961</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月國務院公佈為全國重點文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:25:51

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">三元宮</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">三元宮是嶺南現存歷史較長、規模較大的道教建築。據史書記載為東晉時南海太守鮑靚所建,明代萬曆年間重修時始稱三元宮。三元宮坐北朝南,在越秀山南麓,依山而建,漸次升高,現存各殿堂建築總面積約</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2000</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,佈局以正對山門的三元殿為中心,殿前拜廊,東西連鐘鼓樓。大殿后為老群殿,大殿兩側自南向北,東側為客堂、齋堂、舊祖堂、呂祖殿;西側缽堂、新祖堂、鮑姑殿等建築。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1989</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣州市人民政府公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:26:17

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">中山紀念堂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">位於越秀山南麓。孫中山逝世後,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1926</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月中國國民黨第二次全國代表大會決議在此興建紀念堂,以紀念孫中山。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1929</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月奠基,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1931</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">10</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月建成。由呂彥直設計,整體建築包括門樓、紀念堂及東西耳樓,占地共</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬平方米,建築面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1.2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬平方米,是仿古的宮殿式建築。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">紀念堂為鋼筋混凝土和鋼樑架結構,平面呈八角形,四面入口設柱式圍廊,廊柱為紅色水磨石米柱和紅色隔扇。簷下懸孫中山手書“天下為公”橫匾。大堂內空間廣闊,無一柱遮擋視線,而由隱蔽在牆壁的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">根柱子支撐著巨大的鋼桁架,乘托起八角琉璃瓦頂,是建築藝術中的傑作,內部的裝飾丹彩瑰麗,金碧輝煌。講臺後牆中間鑲有孫中山的浮雕頭像和《總理遺囑》刻石。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">紀念堂前立青銅孫中山全身像,像前廣場開闊,綠草如茵,並植有松、柏、木棉等長青樹。一對花崗岩石雕成的雲鶴華表立於其中,顯得莊嚴肅穆。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">抗日戰爭勝利時,日本南支那派遣軍司令田中久一在此向中國政府代表簽字投降。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1962</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣東省人民委員會公佈為省級文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1990</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年國家建設部、國家文物局、中國建築學會核定公佈為全國近代優秀建築單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:26:37

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">石室(聖心堂)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">是我國最大的哥特式石結構建築物,又是天主教廣州教區的主教堂。因教堂由花崗岩砌築,故俗稱“石室”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">第二次鴉片戰爭後,法國政府依據不平等條約《天津條約》,藉口清朝廷在教禁期間沒收過天主教在廣州的教堂,威脅清廷賠償損失,強迫官府出租原兩廣總督行署地,興建此教堂。由法國工程師稽明章(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Guillemin</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)仿照科隆大教堂的哥特式風格設計。在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1863</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">12</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">日正式舉行奠基典禮。全部石頭采鑿于香港九龍,建築工程浩大,歷時</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">25</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年,光緒十四年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1888</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)竣工。負責施工的總管為廣東揭陽人蔡孝。工程耗資</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">40</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">萬法郎。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">聖心堂建築總面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2754</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,現存教堂、主教府和東西的頤鐸堂。教堂平面呈拉丁十字形,坐北向南,南立面高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">58.5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,分為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">層。底層開</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">個尖拱券門,二層當中是用石頭雕刻鏤空的圓形玫瑰窗,三層為鐘樓,一對八角形的尖形塔頂高峻陡峭,東塔裝有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">具法國運來的大銅鐘,西塔原裝機械計時鐘。整座建築的尖形拱窗、玫瑰窗、女兒牆及室內裝飾精細,束柱的柱頭以變形的麥穗作裝飾,束柱柱礎並在一起表示堅如磐石,出水口為中國傳統風格的石獅式樣。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1996</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月國務院公佈為全國重點文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1990</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年國家建設部、國家文物局、中國建築學會核定為全國近代優秀建築單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:26:54

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">五仙觀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">五仙觀是一座祭祀五仙的穀神廟。相傳周夷王時,有五位仙人騎著口含穀穗的五隻羊飛臨廣州,把穀穗贈給廣州人,祝福這裏“永不饑荒”,言畢騰空而去,羊化為石,故廣州又被稱作“羊城”、“穗城”。為紀念五位仙人,人們在此建了五仙觀,塑五仙騎羊像,奉祀觀內。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">現觀內主要建築為頭門、後殿、東、西齋,建築造型既保留了明代早期風格,又具有地方特色,是廣州市保存較好的明代木構架建築。觀內現保存有宋至清代的碑刻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">14</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">塊及石麒麟</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">對,後殿東側(現惠福西路第二小學內)的原生紅砂岩石上,有一腳印狀凹穴,旁有“仙人拇跡”石匾。這是遠古時代珠江洪水期的流水沖蝕痕跡,民間傳說作仙人留下的腳印。晉代這裏有“坡山古渡”之稱,明清兩代曾以“穗石洞天”、“五仙霞洞”列入“羊城八景”之一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1989</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣東省人民政府公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:27:12

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">余蔭山房</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">又名餘蔭園,是清代舉人鄔彬的私家花園,同治</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1967</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)興建,面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1598</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,坐北向南,佈局精巧,以石拱風雨廊橋為界,劃分為東西兩區。東有玲瓏水榭、臥匏廬、楊柳樓臺、孔雀亭和來薰亭;西有深柳堂、臨池別館。園內遍植四季花木,入門後一短廊有夾牆竹與外界分隔。各建築以風雨廊連接,圓門、漏窗、楹聯、牌匾、花壇、假山,渾然一體,整座建築運用了“縮龍成寸”的手法,置樓臺堂館和軒榭山石亭橋布成咫尺山林的絕妙境界,具有嶺南園林特色,是清代廣東四大名園(另三園為:東莞的可園、順德的清暉園、佛山的梁園)之一。其中“深柳堂”是該園木刻工藝和書法繪畫集中之地。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1989</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣東省人民政府公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1990</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年國家建設部、國家文物局、中國建築學會核定公佈為全國近代優秀建築單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:27:29

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">粵海關大樓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在沿江西路</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">29</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">號。粵海關設立於清康熙二十四年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1685</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),是我國最早設立的海關之一,咸豐十年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1860</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)粵海關稅務司在現關址正式建立公署。民國三年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1914</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)粵海關大樓工程在現址奠基,民國五年落成。建築由英國建築師戴衛德迪克仿照歐洲古典建築形式設計,華昌工程公司承建,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1916</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月竣工。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1925</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月建築照片送“美國建築技術賽會”陳列展出。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">大樓坐北向南,建築面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4421</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,鋼筋混凝土結構,東南立面用花崗石砌築,高四層。頂築穹隆頂鐘樓,鐘樓四面各砌塔司杆雙柱,高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,置大型四面時鐘,內有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">個大小不一的吊鐘,為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1915</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年英國製造。室內基本佈局、結構保存完好。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">原正中拱券門上“粵海關”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">字,改為“廣州海關”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">字。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1993</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">8</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣州市人民政府公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:27:48

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">華林寺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">南朝梁普通七年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">526</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),印度名僧達摩從海路到廣州,在華林寺附近登岸並建“西來庵”,是達摩在我國最先傳播佛教之地。後人為紀念這位高僧,稱其登岸處為“西來初地”,一直沿用至今。西來庵歷代均有擴建,清順治十一年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1701</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)改稱華林寺,是當時的廣州佛教五大叢林之一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">華林寺現主要建築為羅漢堂,羅漢堂內五百羅漢像在“文革”時被毀,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1997</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年重立木雕的五百羅漢像。另華林寺前原有星岩白石塔一座,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">面</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">級,高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">7</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,每層刻有花紋,具有雕刻建築藝術價值,現已移置於解放北路蘭圃中。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1963</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣州市人民委員會公佈華林寺為廣州市文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:28:05

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">懷聖寺(光塔)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">建于唐初,是伊斯蘭教傳入我國後最早建立的清真寺之一,為紀念伊斯蘭教創始人“至聖”穆罕默德,故名懷聖寺。地處古阿拉伯商聚居的“蕃坊”。寺名“懷聖”是懷念伊斯蘭教創始人“至聖“穆罕默德之意。又因寺內有一光身柱形塔,故又稱光塔寺。元至正三年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1343</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)曾毀於火,至正十年重建;其後明清時期先後重建。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">懷聖寺坐北向南,占地面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2966</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,在主軸線上依次建有三道門、看月樓、禮拜殿和藏經閣;光塔在寺西南角,還有回廊和碑亭。光塔始建于唐代,高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">36.3</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,青磚砌築,塔身圓筒形,向上有收分,表層塗抹灰砂,塔身開長方形採光小孔,塔內設二螺旋形樓梯,雙梯繞塔心盤旋而上,各自直通塔頂。塔頂原有金雞,可隨風旋轉以示風向,明初為颶風所墜。頂部用磚牙疊砌出線腳,上砌尖形頂,為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1934</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年重修。此塔為國內現存伊斯蘭教建築最早最具特色的古跡之一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1996</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">11</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月國務院公佈懷聖寺為全國重點文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:28:24

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">資政大夫祠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">資政大夫祠古建築群位於廣州市花都區新華鎮三華村的西面,緊靠廣清高速公路,距城中心</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">公里。它建于清代同治二年至三年(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1863</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),至今已有一百三十多年的歷史。此地居民大都姓徐,徐亨之為先祖,清朝同治年間,三華徐族同姓堂兄弟徐方正、徐表正共同任職兵部,深得朝延賞識,同治皇帝把徐方正的祖父徐德魁、父親徐殿魁封為“資政大夫”,把徐表正的父親徐爵魁封為“奉直大夫”。為炫耀皇恩,徐方正建造了資政大夫祠,徐表正則建造了南山書院,為贊先哲盛德,徐氏後代又續建了亨之徐公祠。它是廣州地區目前發現的建築規模最大的祠堂,對研究清代的民間祠堂建築有重要價值。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1995</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年以來,花都區委、區政府為了保護和利用好資政大夫祠古建築群,投資並發動社會籌資對資政大夫祠進行全面維修,拓展為文物旅遊區,經五年修葺告竣。今資政大夫祠古建築群規模龐大,集資政大夫祠、南山書院、亨之徐公祠、水仙古廟於一體,占地面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">18000</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米,主體建築面積</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6000</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">多平方米,是一組“三列三進六廊”的藝術建築群。建築群組合之間有青雲巷相隔,縱深</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">49</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,右側有襯祠一列,後有古樓兩間,整個建築佈局嚴謹,虛實相間,形成各自獨立又相互聯繫的整體。其建築氣魄雄偉,前有廣場,後有花園,廳堂軒昂,庭院寬敞,周邊綠樹成蔭,曲徑通幽,它既體現了嶺南建築的傳統風格,又具有南方園林的特色。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">資政大夫祠古建築群座南朝北,整體建築為磚木結構,陶塑瓦脊,五彩斑瀾,兩邊採用線條優美的鍋耳山牆,牆脊上蓋陶瓦,兩座造型各異的牌坊,分別矗立在資政大夫祠和南山書院的前院天井,牌坊通體採用花崗岩條石砌成,坊上雕刻的人物、宮殿和各式花卉紋樣、文字記載均用鏤雕、浮雕、圓雕和陰刻等,手法誇張,工藝精細。廳堂內集廣東民間建築裝飾藝術之大成,磚雕、石雕、木雕、灰雕、陶雕、彩畫,活靈活現,細緻玲瓏。上上下下,隨處可見一些民間藝術大師的藝術傑作。有以各朝代的歷史故事為內容的牆上壁畫,如:竹林七賢、太白醉酒等;有民間神話傳說的九老圖、醉樂瑤池等;有象徵吉祥如意的福祿報喜、松旨益壽、福白天來等,還有形色多樣風格別致的各種圖案花紋,花鳥書法等,充滿了濃厚的民間藝術氣息,美不勝收。在水仙古廟,塑有真金鑲身的木雕神像,被視作神靈,遠近焚香求卦者絡繹不絕,香火甚旺。資政大夫祠古建築群以其規模之大、建築之美、保存之好,在花都、廣州乃至廣東全省都是極為罕有的,可以說是我國嶺南民間藝術建築的又一典型。因此已被定為廣州市重點文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:28:41

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">嶺南第一樓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">又叫禁鐘樓,是廣州市現存為數不多的保持著木結構形式的較為完整的明代城樓式建築,始建於明代洪武七年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1374</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年),現存二層的木構架是清乾隆五十三年(公元</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1788</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年)的建築。屈大均在《廣東新語》中把它與鎮海樓、海山樓和拱北樓合稱為“四大崇樓”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">鐘樓坐北朝南,高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">17.45</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,分作兩層,下層用紅砂岩砌築,上層為木構架簷梁式結構,重簷歇頂,四周設置了木欄杆,供遊人依欄遠眺。樓中央懸掛一口明代青銅大鐘。鐘鑄于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1378</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年,高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3.04</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,直徑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2.1</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,重約</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">噸。鐘底下以方形豎井直通門洞,形成一個巨大的共鳴器,不但可以使鐘聲洪亮悠揚,也有利於聲浪傳播,據說扣之可“聲聞十裏”。此鐘是作為遇火警等非常事故時召救之用,無事禁止撞擊,因名“緊鐘”。為廣東現存最大、最完整的古銅鐘。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1989</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">6</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">月廣東省人民政府公佈為文物保護單位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:29:02

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文塔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在龍津西路泮溪酒家對面,隱居著一個小庭院,名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">雲津苑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">,裏面有一座被視為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">風水寶物</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的古塔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">--</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文塔。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文塔高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">13</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,為六角形金字尖頂磚木結構,塔底每面寬</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2.5</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米,塔高二層,塔門向北,門首有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">南軸</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">石匾,二樓窗頂上方嵌有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">雲津閣</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">石匾。塔基座為石砌,塔身為東莞大青磚所砌,塔尖頂部有陶瓷葫蘆,高達</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">米。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">在文塔周圍,本是河湧遍佈,荔枝樹叢生,花艇遊弋,如今變成十裏通衢的花街,文塔靜立其間。文塔建于何年待考,不過附近的老居民都說建於明末清初,據說與仁威廟同樣是典型的明清建築風格。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">根據民間傳說,文塔是供奉魁星(亦稱文曲星),掌握文人騷客功名命運的神塔。文曲星手執一筆,誰被此筆點中,便可高中進士、舉人等科舉功名。所以,文塔的建築外觀酷似一支筆尖向上的形狀。在舊時代,一個人要成就功名偉業,有兩種較為理想的途徑,即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文人走筆安天下,武士上馬定乾坤</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">。因此佑助</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文人走筆</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的文塔也極似</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">功名塔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">,是榮譽和夢想的象徵,是書香門第和深閣雅齋執卷拈筆之人的福貴塔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文塔旁邊就是西關上支湧畔。以往,每逢端午節時,遠道趕來或近守家門的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">老廣州</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">"</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">們,還可在文塔附近觀賞到泮塘鄉民在生龍活虎、激烈亢奮中精彩演繹的龍舟競渡……</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">塔不高,建築也算不得精美,比起仁威廟的華麗雕刻,實在不起眼,可是卻讓人越看越覺得古味盎然,簡樸中透露著靈氣……憶明珠先生說得好:古,是一種情致,是經過悠久的時光淘洗凝聚所致的一種審美境界罷。</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
                </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">文塔,見證著荔灣的歷史,荔灣確實不斷誕生文人雅士。泮塘也成為領南文化風俗的發源地,成為遊客領略西關風情的聞名旅遊點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:29:19

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">留耕堂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">是廣東民間鄉村祠堂建築設計的典型代表,創建于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">600</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">多年前。面積有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">3000</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">平方米。它的平面呈南北長條形,自南向北依次為大池塘、大天街、正門、牌坊、釣魚臺、中座、天井、後座及東、西廊和村祠、形成結構嚴謹,修飾華麗,規模宏偉的建築物。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

粵嚟粵掂 發表於 2007-4-24 03:29:39

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">塔影樓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">這是一棟屹立在珠江邊上的墨綠色</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">4</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">層樓房。它在沿江西拆遷工程中巍然不動,一度引起附近居民的熱烈議論,不知情的市民甚至傳言這是一棟“鬼屋”。其實它是辛亥革命時期著名人物陳少白建起的寓所,其建築特色是中西合璧——在四層小洋樓的天臺上,建有中式四簷滴水塔樓,由於寓所毗鄰珠江西堤,塔在江水中留下倒影,故陳少白命名其為“塔影樓”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p>?</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">塔影樓目前不對外開放。遊客可在樓外領略該樓的風采。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></p>

lhk 發表於 2007-4-24 04:43:46

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