《清稗類鈔》﹕廣州戲園
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;">錄自《清稗類鈔</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: MingLiU;">--</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;">戲劇類》。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: MingLiU;"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: MingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU;"><font size="3">凡例﹕紀載之事，以有清一代順治至宣統為斷。</font></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: MingLiU;"><br/><br/></span><font size="3"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">出頭</span></b><br/><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 出頭，謂出人頭地也。粵人於簡短之戲，謂之出頭，殆以戲雖簡短，而為精華所聚，且以齣而訛為尺歟？</span></font><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: MingLiU;"><br/><br/></span><font size="3"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">廣州戲園</span></b><br/><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 廣州素無劇場，道光時，江南史某始創慶春園，其門聯云：「東山絲竹，南海衣冠。」未幾，怡園、錦園、慶豐、聽春諸園，相繼而起。番禺許霞橋孝廉裀光嘗招倪鴻劬輩賦觀劇詞，得數百首，刻之。汪芙生《觀劇詩序》有云：「偶來顧曲，多慘綠之少年﹔有客吹簫，喚小紅為弟子。人生行樂，半在哀絲豪竹之場﹔我輩多情，無忘對酒當歌之日者，足以見一時文酒風流之盛。比年以來，閭閻物力，頓不如前，遊客漸稀，諸園皆廢。自客歲羊城兵燹之餘，疇昔歌場，鞠為蔓草矣。」蓋指咸豐朝英兵入粵及紅巾擾亂言之。光緒初，惟繁盛街市之神廟，或有戲臺，遇神誕建醮，始演戲，如渡頭北帝廟、油欄直街某神廟之屬是也。及劉學詢於其所建之劉園，演戲射利，又於劉園附近建廣慶戲園，是為西關有戲園之始。自是而南關、東關、河南亦各有戲園，然廣慶不久即廢，餘亦往往輟演也。</span><br/><span lang="ZH-TW" style="FONT-FAMILY: PMingLiU; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 廣州戲班有外江、本地之別，外江班所演關目，與外省同，本地班則以三晝四夜為度。開臺之第一夜，必首唱《六國封相》，晝則演正本，夜則先演三出頭，再演成套，演至天明，又演一尾戲，曰鼓尾。及省河之南與東關、西關諸園繼起，每園繳捐至巨萬，商業因以興盛。更有將戲本改良，如優天影之扮演戒煙，及關於家庭教育各戲者，無不窮形盡相，乃大為都人士所歡迎矣。</span></font><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: MingLiU; mso-fareast-font-family: MingLiU;"><p></p></span></p>
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